USING MICROCOMPUTERS IN TEACHING
During the past 40 years, the United States has experienced the integration of the computer into society. Progress has been made to the point that small, inexpensive computers with expanded capabilities are available for innumerable uses. Many schools have purchased and are purchasing microcomputers for infusion into their directed learning programs.
Most individuals seem to agree that microcomputer will continue to hold an important role in education. Gubser (1980) and Hinton (1980) suggested phenomenal increases in the numbers of computers both in the school and the home in the near furture. Schmidt (1982) identified three types of microcomputer use in classrooms: the object of a course, a support tool, and a means of providing instruction. Foster and Kleene (1982) cite four uses of microcomputers in vocational agriculture: drill and practice, tutorial, simulation and problem solving.
The findings of studies examining the use of various forms of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) have been mixed. Studies by Hickey (1968) and Honeycutt (1974) indicated superior results with CAI while studies by Ellis (1978), Caldwell (1980) and Belzer (1976) indicated little or no significant effect. Although much work has been done to date, more studies need to be conducted to ascertain the effects of microcomputer-assisted instruction in teaching various subjects in a variety of learning situations.
The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effect of using micrrocomputer-assisted instruction as compared to a lecture-discussion technique in teaching principles and methods of cost recovery and investment credit on agricultural assets to graduate students in agricultural education. This topic was identified as being of importance to teachers in providing them the necessary background to teach lessons in farm records.
Five Stages of the Introduction
First stage: general statement(s) about a field of research to provide the reader with a setting for the problem to be reported
Second stage: More specific statements about the aspects of the problem already studied by other researchers.
Third Stage: Statement(s) that indicate the need for more investigation.
Fouth Stage: very specific statement(s) giving the purpose/objectives of the writer’s study.
Fifth Stage: Optional statement(s) that give a value or justification for carrying out the study.
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BalasHapusI've read the introduction mam, and it's helpful for me... thank you
BalasHapusI have read the materials that you posted mam, it's help me to understand how to make a good introduction, thank you mam.
BalasHapusThat is clear explanation and example, and its helpful for me to make good introduction future,,thank you mam,,,,
BalasHapusthe using mapping to improving of speaking skill in junior high school.
BalasHapusBy elma sutian reksum (A1D2 10 083).
that is a good example,clear,and understandable....
BalasHapusdevelopment of teaching method by cooperative learning to improve students speaking skill
BalasHapusRead an example above of course it'll help me to make a background of thesis,the step verry clear. Thank's mam
BalasHapusdevelop students' ability to write and speak by using social media
BalasHapusDevelop students' ability to write and speak by using social media
BalasHapusIntroduction
Over the last decade, the rapid development of media soial. But it's quite unfortunate because development can not be applied in the education system in Indonesia. This is due to a gap of knowledge about technology educators. Educators have long taught, will always use the same method from year to year so it does not produce a new breakthrough in the world of education. So as to make students who receive lessons become bored and feel bored in a lesson. That is what fosters the idea that in the process of learning to use social media like facebook, twiter and Skype to enrich students' knowledge and practice skills in writing and speaking. Facebook, which has been used only for status updates and vent feelings of sadness when no one to confide in can also be used as a learning medium. Currently facebook is equipped with spreader features to make video calls. Video call can make students interact with each other, though not all subjects class. There are also other social media that can be used like twiter, skype, yahoo messenger, nimbus, ebuddy and many. But this can not be separated from the role of the teacher to control siswax in social media. It is necessary in social media that a group that is specifically used to communicate student learning and self-managed by the teacher of each subject
Hai jabar,,,Your's introduction is good. But, I tink to make your study more clear you must add some researchers to support your statement...
HapusJabar, I think that your introduction is very good, but you have to add and explain more specific that giving the purpose of the writer's study. and also, you add the thesis statement in the last paragraph,,,
Hapuswell, nice work, I'm sory if my suggestion seems to much, but I have to do that in order to improve our ability in writing.
HapusFirst,make sure that your introduction is clear arranged by separate where is general statement, specific information, and so on, by dividing it into several paragraph in order to make it clear and arrange in good order.
second, pay attention to the using of complex sentence in writing with its mechanic. Third, pay attention how to make good or clear sentence. I mean in a sentence, it must be clear where is the subject and where is the verb, because the condition when clause is called sentence when it has subject and predicate.
actually, I have book (a copy book) from Mr. Alberth which contain explanation and examples of how to make good sentence. I can bring it to you if you want, and you can copy then.
Jabar, I just want to give some suggestions. You must pay attention with the five stage of introduction. I think, there are still many weaknesses from your introduction. You didn't give the specific statement of your introduction, and you have to give purpose or objectives about about what you are going to do with this proposal. That's all and I hope you can accept my suggestion.
HapusHERMAN EMA (A1D211093)
BalasHapusUSING SEVERAL PROGRAMS/SOFT WARES IN TEACHING EFL
Introduction Part of My research Proposal
Nowadays the development of technology is gradually increases in the world. This because of the human resource is also high and the necessity of human for the technology in their life also high. The finding of new knowledge in the case of technology is everywhere, both the technology in communication and the technology of information. This technology also takes a role in educational process. Start from the tool that is used till the program in the gadget itself.
Every gadget use so many program that the students use to play a game, to read an article, and also to play video or music. This program also known as software. In the internet, there are hundred and even thousand of software that the programmers make to fulfills the human necessity in the use of newest technology. Those programs are very helpful in increasing the people’s desire to use technology in their daily life. Therefore, the writer tries to see the role of some software in students’ motivation to learn.
So this paper will introduce some software that will be used for supporting students’ motivation in learning. This because of some students are less in motivation in the school or to learn. They are boring of the teachers’ way of teaching, they are boring of the media of teaching and in the end they don’t study.
Your introduction is very interesting, but unfortunately there is no literary review and also you do not provide the study of PROGRAMS/SOFT WARES IN TEACHING EFL has been done by some researcher in order to get a gap. I recommended for you to visit and download this Pdf http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CEIQFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.veletsianos.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2008%2F10%2FDoering_Veletsianos_Roblyer.pdf&ei=_TAYVJjgNsGxuASF_IKwDQ&usg=AFQjCNFGrdW6Wu90fHAup3wJp5u6wCxEKQ&sig2=9qmTSWan6QnoCVvIKVVfwQ&bvm=bv.75097201,d.c2E . It’ll help u . ^_^
Hapusthis is interesting introduction, but the weakness is on the literature review that related to your study. i mean you have to write some previous studies that have been conducted and examined empirically about what do you want examine and you explain in your paper. it will be support you research and make it strong as the base of it.
Hapusthen, I want to clarify about your last paragh in the first sentence (the word some software) in my opinion, it is too general, because I'm sure that when you conduct the research later, you just will use one software, not two or more than two software to improving, increasing student skill in learning language. thank you,.. .
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HapusTo Herman Ema.. your introduction is good but you not include the source of the support from the experts about the research proposal you write it.
HapusDeveloping Students’ Vocabulary Through Word Association Technique
BalasHapusRAHMATIA (A1D2 10 108)
English is spoken through most of the world. Most of the native English speakers taught English in some school or university, especially in Indonesia in learning English is used as second language. It has decisive position in educational system of this country. Based curriculum had been developed into school level-based curriculum or in Indonesia it is called Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP) English has been taught from the Elementary school until at University as a foreign language since 1967 where as English has an important role in education, in economic, in industry, etc. In planning to increase the developing process, it is sure that in every activity needs the sciences, knowledge and technology that general can pitch from the English books.
Vocabulary in a language is very important in the sense that vocabulary can be said as part of a language and if someone wanted to make sentence, he or she has to make use some vocabularies. To know if vocabulary that is the recognized as possibly the most factors in being able to use and understand spoken and written language. Vocabulary knowledge is very closely associated with the ability to comprehend what is heard and read, and may be related to general intelligence and reasoning ability (Nation, 1990:199). As (Mulawarman, 2000) concluded that vocabulary is the words that have meaning and function of a language.
There has many ways to increase the student’s vocabulary. One of them is words association technique. According to Richards’s et.al (1985:31), Word Association is "ways in which words come to be associated with each other and which influence the learning and remembering of words". Association is "a mental connection between thoughts, feelings, ideas, or sensations and someone or something specific" (Mifflin 1986:15).
The previous study word association Technique it can be seen that there is a significant development of students’ vocabulary in SLTP Negeri 7 Kendari (Sartini: 1999) after teaching English vocabulary and other study of vocabulary achievement in SMP Kartika Kendari (Angriani: 2008) after teaching English vocabulary by using word association Technique. It means that this technique is potential to use in teaching English vocabulary.
The purpose of this study is developing students’ vocabulary by using word association technique. This topic was identified as being of importance technique for teacher to developing students’ vocabulary.
very good introduction,..the format is arrnged in good order I think.
HapusThe effect of word chain on student vocabulary achievement
BalasHapusVocabulary is supposed to be an important part to be able to master, particularly English. As Azar (2011) states that in learning a foreign language, vocabulary plays an important role (p.252). Vocabulary is foundation in mastering language skills. It is perceived that it can develop the four skills of English ; speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Developing language skills of English is very crucial for learners. They have to know how important vocabulary to develop their language competence. The English language skills are thus failed to be comprehend without having to develop the list vocabularies. Gradually, vocabulary has important role in comprehending the language.
Roles of vocabulary can be seen in way of communication, having less of vocabularies will eventually fail to deliver the flow of communication. In other words, to communicate well English, learners have to acquire an adequate number of words and have to know how to use them accurately.
In acquiring an adequate vocabulary, learners can be helped by giving media that useful to increase vocabulary. As Azar (2011) states that to increase the vocabulary we need media to be used, one of them is game (p.253). In other words, game can help them to increase their vocabulary competence.
Many games is supposed to increase learners vocabulary, there are guessing game, whispering game, word chain game and etc. One of the games that can be provided is word chain game. Westley (2004) states that word chains game is building words from words (p.2).Word chains game has many names it is also known as Grab on Behind, Last and First, and Alpha and Omega, it is a word game in which players come up with words that begin with the letter or letters that the previous word ended with.
In order to success this game to increase their vocabulary, it should be applied at teaching process particularly teaching vocabulary in the classroom which includes participation of students. As Galih (2013) states that Word chains game is simple, easy and funny way in teaching vocabulary. Then, he says that this game is used to attract the students in studying vocabulary (p.19). In the other words, word chain game can increase students’ vocabulary because it is a pleasant game that can attract the students for studying vocabulary.
interesting background. But, let me give some comment and suggestion about your proposal background friend,
HapusFirst, pay attention in capitalization in the beginning of new sentence, Second, about how do you quote some expert statement or finding. For example your quotation in the first paragraph,
maybe it is better and seems good if the form like this "Azar, (2011: 252)". (after the name, we write in parenttheis the year when the paper published with the page where quote the statement). If you are not sure yet, let see some thesis, or journal, you can find some example of quotation on them.
maybe you can think about that next, ... and I'm also because I have less understanding about quotation too.
NUR RAHMA A1D210139
BalasHapusSTUDENTS’ VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE AND THEIR READING COMPREHENSION
In relation to human resource development, reading as a piece of english language teaching plays an important role. Through reading activity, knowledge and information can be obtained. It also can change the students thinking from primitive thinking which urges development.
According to Barnet (1989:172) there are two aspects of reading. The first aspec is called reader based variable can aspect reading that comes from the reader which includes background knowledge of the world and text, cognitive development, interest and purpose in reading strategies. The second aspect is called text-based variable can aspect of reading that come from the text which includes vocabulary, syntax rhetorical structure and cultural content.
Huson and Pak (in Barnet, 1989: 173) find that having student study unfamiliar words before reading does not improve their comprehension. In contary, Davis ( In Barnet, 1989: 173) finds that the students who had unfamiliar vocabulary glossed had better understanding or comrehention. On the basic thinking above fact, the writer is interested in finding out students vocabulary knowledge and their vocabulary knowledge.
The objective of this study is to find out there is or not any significant correlation between the students’ vocabulary knowledge and their reading comprehention.
This study was identified or to make a consider for teacher to creatively in making a list of vocabulary for their learners to improve their reading comprehension.
Good, I like the gap, but I want to clarify about the structure or format of your sentence in the four paragraph. I think that structure of sentence in your four paragraph is not suitable place in the background, but that sentence will be more suitable if you put it in the objective of the study, in the other part or point of introduction in chapter one.
Hapusi'll do better than this next time...thanks for your suggestion..
Hapusthanks for Kurniawan for comment and remind me. It make me to be more critical in make sentences.
Hapusrahma
The use of flash cards to enhance vocabulary range of junior high school students
BalasHapusAs the essence of language, vocabulary has always been the essence of every language spread throughout the world. It is the source of every studies related to language because It is linked to speaking, writing, listening, and reading. Laufer (1997) stated that vocabulary learning is at the heart of language learning and language use. Vocabulary learning is an intrinsic part of language teaching. A number of researchers agree that there is very little research carried out in the field of vocabulary learning (Folse, 2004; Hunt & Beglar, 2005) and that the most effective means of vocabulary learning is still unclear
(de Groot, 2006).
One way to add new words to one’s vocabularies is by locating words in the dictionary and learning what they mean. But this is a slow process to increase word power. Another way is learning through vocabulary card or flash card. As we listen and read, we often meet new words by flash card. Word lists and flash cards can be used for the initial exposure to a word, but most students continue to use them to review it afterwards. One main advantage of flash cards is that they can be taken almost anywhere and studied when one has a free moment (Brown, 2000). Another is that they can be arranged to create logical grouping of the target words (Gairns & Redman, op. cit.;; Cohen, 1990). Some researchers indicate that working with flash cards help learners in acquiring vocabulary more effectively than word lists (Mondria & Mondria-de Vries, 1994; Schmitt & Schmitt, 1995). It can be seen that flash cards have been used for teaching a variety of purposes during the history of language teaching. An example is to help students to improve word recognition if they are poor readers (Culyer, 1988). Another example is to teach students to practice their vocabulary development and completion drills in the learning of foreign language (Ervin, 1988). Flash cards have also been used in teaching English as second language (Hart, 1982). They are used not only for teaching vocabulary but also for teaching propositions, articles, sentence structures, tenses, and phrasal verbs (Palka, 1988). In addition to teaching vocabulary, flash cards have been used to improve both comprehension and reading speed (Tan & Nicholson, 1997).
As ESL learners, Indonesian student tend to feel nervous and shy in class. Some researchers believe that it is because of students’ characteristics and cultural differences (Rollinson 2005; Carson & Nelson, 1996). Another comes from teachers. Without an extensive knowledge of vocabulary and strategies for learning new words, learners may feel disappointed and lose their confidence (Nation, 2001). The present curriculum, kurikulum 2013, highly emphasizes on interactive model teaching. It is important for students to always feel hyped when learning. Although there are some studies such as related to flash card, it is still needed to be observed due to present curriculum implementation and precise findings on flash cards, specifically on junior high schools.
The purpose of this study is to seek the effect of using flash cards towards junior high school students. The topic of this study has been generally known for elementary student, but for ESL learner, this option could be crucial due to the method’s reinforcement towards junior high school students.
a very good proposa introduction written by Nuhul, because it is stated very well and also supported by literature review
Hapusby Herman Ema
thank you for your compliment Herman.
HapusBut still, about my name,
There is no "H" in it >_<
Interesting writing. Flash cards is one of the fun activities to promote vocabulary, it is very suitable for junior high school. In another hand, In your introduction, you have various of gaps, it makes your writing become stronger.
HapusTEACHING VOCABULARY WITH THE THEME ”FRUITS” TROUGH WORD SEARCH PUZZLE TO THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF THE STATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 OF KONAWE SELATAN
BalasHapusA language is considered to be a system of communicating with other people using sounds, symbols and words in expressing a meaning, idea or thought. This language can be used in many forms, primarily through oral and written communications as well as using expressions through body language.
According to Brown, H. Douglas (2007:384), language is a systematic means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized signs, sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meanings.
Language is a complex, specialized skill, which develops in the child spontaneously, without conscious effort or formal instruction, is deployed without awareness of its underlying logic, is qualitatively the same in every individual, and is distinct from more general abilities to process information or behave intelligently.
Teaching English to the students can said tricky. Many people argue that describe the subject matter is very difficult because English is a foreign language inevitably be carried out under the demands of the curriculum in force in our country.
Many students feel confused when they want to speak English with smart fast way. But they were confused where to start. Does first have to master grammar, conversation, vocabulary, reading or writing?
Vocabulary is one of the language aspects. The students cannot read, speak, listen, and write without understanding the meaning of words. But, by teaching vocabulary first, the students easily able to read, understand and memorize vocabulary more quickly because this is a very effective way.
In addition, a better way and easier to teach English, especially vocabulary to students is by using games, such as word search puzzle game. Because this game could be an alternative or variation in the methods of English teaching for teachers. With this method, students will not feel bored in learning English. But they will become critical and active children in learning English.
Word search puzzle can be designed for any educational levels, which make them an ideal learning activity for the students.
Teaching vocabulary through word search puzzle is not only in written activities and fun so that it would make the students passive learners but also process of the teaching these vocabulary at to be applied in active activities in a for of communication the students will be taught how memorize for a spelling test to do a word search.
Based on the above statements, the writer takes the title of this study as follow teaching vocabulary with the theme “fruits” through word search puzzle to the seventh grade students of the State Junior High School 1 of Konawe Selatan
“IMPROVING THE PRONOUNCIATION BY USING VIDEO MEDIA TO THE VIIA STUDENTS OF SMPN 1 KENDARI”
BalasHapusCommunication is the most important thing that human needs to stay connected to another people in the world. Communication. communication is the activity of connfeying information throught the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behaviour.[1] In general, communication done verbally and it can be understood by both of the communication doer. To make the communication be connected we need the component of communication. The most commonly component of coommunication is language.
Language is a communication tool in the form of sound system or the voice system which it produced by human’s vocal organs. Each of the language’s sign has the meaning. It purposed to make the communication be interactive. Language is used in a group of civilization. The language for each group is different
There are many kinds of subject in teaching and learning english, one of the basic language skill is speaking. Speaking is an interactive process which consist of producing systematic verbal utterances to convey meaning. Mastering the art of speaking is the single most important aspect of learning a second language and success is measured in terms of the ability to carry out a conversation in the language.The interaction in communication will not run smoothly if the speaker doesn’t have the speaking ability. In speaking, we must give attention tohow th way we speech the word. The way ro speech te word is called pronounciation.
Pronounciation is the important parts of speaking. Pronunciation is the way in which a language or particular word or sound is spoken.Pronounciation used to make the speaker speaks more fluency and easy to understand. Fluency can be thought of as the ability to keep going when speaking spontaneously.
Learning english pronounciation is not easy, especially for the Indonesian. We know that english in Indonesia is not being the primary language or the secondary language. So it will make the Indonesian has some difficulties and problems in learning pronounciation. There are some problem in learning pronounciation, especially for indonesian people in their school.
There are some problem in teaching and learning pronounciation in the school in Indonesia. For the first is some of the students have low motivation in learning english. The second is the social background of the students. The students don’t use english as their primary language. It makes they hard to pronounce the word or the letter in english. The second problem is about the teacher. Sometimes the teacher uses the bored technique or method in teaching english. It makes the students dont pay attention to the teacher. The teacher usually teach english using indonesian language, so the students can’t learn and practice to pronounce the word. We can use media to make the students interest with the lesson. For example is using audiovisual media, especially video media.
Video media is one of the tools that can help the teacher sends the materials to the students. The students catch the material by listening and watching. Video media shows the animation picture and the sound that contains the material.
Video media can help the students to improve their pronounciation ability. This media shows the animation picture and audio that can be attenting by the students. The students can give attention to the speaker’s lips that shows in the video while listening to the what the speaker said.
Based on the background of the study, the writer takes the title “IMPROVING THE PRONOUNCIATION BY USING VIDEO MEDIA TO THE VIIA STUDENTS OF SMPN 1KENDARI”.
interesting background, but make sure that you write some statement by expert or previous study that has been conducted by another researcher that prove what do you want to study and supporting what you are going examine in you research. thank you.
HapusThank you for your suggestion, I wiil make it better ! I will add the previous study on my research proposal.
HapusIt is very nice topic. using vidio as a media to improve students pronounciation may be more effective, cause vidio will make a good sense to make students interesting in learn. But, you may be forget that to make a good introduction, you need to take some expert statement such us Kurniawan has told you before.
Hapusi thinks your intoduction is very good, but you must give detail introduction about your little one
BalasHapus“THE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH FUNCTION USED BY ENGLISH TEACHERS’ INSTRUCTION AT SMPN 1 KULISUSU IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2014/2015”
BalasHapusThe language has many functions in conversation or communication between people. It is used to express the emotion, to inform fact, to influence others, to discuss about language, to describe, to chat etc. The interactions of addresser and addressee have a purpose deliver a message in the event called communication. The ways in which they do are constrained by the situation in various ways. Furthermore, the speech event of utterances that involve them can be classified into speech function.
Moreover, as we know that language is important thing of communication, the fact shows that people will get some troubles or misunderstanding without language when interact with others. It is supported by Rajend Mesthrie and friends (2000:5) who describe about aspect within the definition of language that have full range of function as the way to interact with other. Language is not just denotation, a term which refers to the process of conveying meaning, referring to ideas, events or entities that exist outside language.
The discussion about function of language comes from the fact that distinction of meaning to one utterance which frequent required thought by addressee to know successfully the addresser’s meaning. Therefore, we need to classify of utterance not only according to their grammatical form and then say that each form has one and only one function, but also to examine then to match with context and the situation in which it is made.
Furthermore, Janet Holmes (2001) assumes sociolinguistics rule or appropriate ways of speaking in different communities is quite distinctive in a range of areas. Speech functions are expressed differently in different communities. Being polite involves understanding the social values which govern the way social dimensions such as status, solidarity and formality are expressed. The description aims to identify the different weight put on these factors in different cultures.
In addition the spoken language of the classroom has some interesting and distinctive discourse features. As well as they can be called “discourse features”, that includes the aspect of linguistic text created by the interchanges between the teacher and the students. It is based on Mercer’s argument (1991: 951). Thus, the researcher would like to present the number of categorizing the speech function to reader understanding, which the study is related with instructional language in the classroom. There existed descriptive function of spoken language together with example. In other, perhaps will be important to remember that any utterance may in fact express more than one function, and any function may be expressed.
Moreover, language is medium of education of the participant in learning process expected to be able to read, to write and to speak in diverse ways, in order to expand their knowledge base and thinking skill. Starting with the language of teacher N.Mercer (1991: 950) has argument that it is most obvious function to inform or instruct. Teacher may tell children what they are to do, how they are to do it, when to start and when to stop. They also assess children’s learning through talk, and use talk as a way of providing them with certain kinds of educational experiences which would be hard to provide by any other means, for instance telling stories, reading poetry, and describing objects.
Basically, the important function of talk is the main tool to control the classroom. Additionally the paper focuses on the nature of classroom interaction and analysis of speech function used in teacher instructional language.
Dear fitrawati. your introduction is good, but based on what I think, there one thing things to correct at
HapusIt is between your content and the title. I think there is no link between it.As far as I concern you should be aware that your introductory proposal should elaborate your title's strength. not just mentioning its strength generally.
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BalasHapusI'm sorry to say this but the school you stated on your introduction is different from your title, please make sure that title and writing are same :)
HapusRosmawati (A1D210133)
BalasHapusWord Grouping Activities in Increasing Students’ Vocabulary
Vocabulary is the important thing. Proficiency in other aspect is not enough to guarantee that someone can mastering the English language with limited of vocabulary, for example, because grammar can make sentence grammatically right. Even, we can say the sentences are right grammatically and another is wrong grammatically. But limited of vocabularies are mastered, we just can make simple sentence and limited sentence. And then, in using the language, we use thousands of words to communicate every day. Besides limited several of sentences, less of vocabularies hamper comprehension in communication. Do you ever read a book and you didn’t understand the sentence?
Well, in learning English students should know about vocabularies. Because by knowing the words, students will try how to use it to express idea and communication. In fact, the vocabulary cannot be separated from other language aspect. So, by knowing vocabularies, the children will be able to develop the language skill such as: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
This is the reason that the writer applies the grouping word activities to create new styles of teaching rather than old fashioned direct instruction. Education is supposed to become less stressful, more relaxed, and more enjoyable, bringing a long list of educational advantages. The writer assumes that the student can encourage, and they can enjoy with many activities in grouping word. Activities in learning process contain motivational aspects and will increase the interesting in learning.
In fact, in daily classroom activity, student often find difficulty in vocabulary and how to different among verb, adjective, adverb, and noun. At junior high school grade in third year less knowledge of vocabulary. When people could master grammar and pronunciation better than vocabulary, they will be difficult to communicate but if their master vocabulary is better than grammar and pronunciation they will be easy to communicate ( Widya, 1997:53). In teaching learning process faces many problems, For example, when the teacher explained some topic, some of student look bored, annoying their friend, they can’t keep silent, act. So, word grouping activity is one of way how to solve the problem less stressful, more relaxed, and more enjoyable. Besides that, word grouping activities increasing students’ vocabulary. Word grouping invite to participate them in teaching learning process.
I think your introduction is very good, will be better if you more specific statements about the aspects of the problem already studied by other researchers
Hapuskasmawati, Thank you for your comment, I will fix it. Actually there was a lack of my introduction I have posted because if too much trouble, but now I am going to post it twice let me finish.
HapusZahra Zaskia - A1D212019
BalasHapus-The usage of cue card based on talk freely to improve speaking ability for English student learner (ESL)-
English is an international language. It’s important for human beings and it means English is commonly used in communication around the world. Therefore, Learning English means learning all language components and language skills. Such as, Grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and spelling are examples of language components. Meanwhile, language skill includes listening, speaking, reading and writing. Among the four skills, speaking is often believed as the most difficult skill to be learned by the students. Learning to talk in the foreign language is often considered being one of the most difficult aspects of language learning for the teacher to help the student.
According to Stevick (1982: 103) speaking refers to the gap between linguistic expertise and teaching methodology. There are many researchers have found a lot of strategies and methods to teaching speaking. In order to reach their goals and expectation to help students (ESL) mastered speaking skill. Among many strategies and methods, there is a method which sometime used to teaching speaking called Cue Card. Cue card is introduced as one of the teaching media. Cue card is card with words or picture on, which are used to encourage the students to respond (Harmer, 2001:134). Cue card is interesting due to its simplicity and attractiveness. Besides inexpensive, the process of making it is not quite complicated. A teacher, sometimes, needs creativity to make the cards more attractive.
The study of Cue card has been done by a researcher. Lilis Suryani (2010) from University of Pajajaran Bandung. She studied the use of cue cards in teaching spoken descriptive text. Cue cards were applied in the research to improve the students` speaking scores. The aims of the research were to improve the progress of the students in producing spoken descriptive text. Considering the benefit of cue cards, the writer is interested in applying this technique to improve students speaking skill by consideration how far student’s knowledge in particular topic (Talk freely) .
Based on the statement above, the purpose of the study is to describe the way the use cue cards technique to improve the student’s ability in speaking English through talk freely. In order to measure student’s general knowledge while asses the speaking aspect and help students to minimized memorizing culture in speaking class.
your background is interesting fried, but let me give little correction to improve our ability in writing (but, that is not mean I am a good writer than other)
HapusFirst, I think your second sentence in the first paragraph doesn't use suitable connecting idea (and). I think it is better if you use connecting idea such as because, or since (connecting idea that used to connect sentence that has relation of reason and consequence.
Let compare both of this sentence:
1. It’s important for human beings and it means English is commonly used in communication around the world,
2. It's important for human beings since english is commonly used in communication around the world.
Second, pay attention in the using of comma in quotation
Let check it out:
According to Stevick (1982: 103) and
According to Stevick (1982: 103),
thank you,....
Thanks a lot ... Ur comments are so useful. ^^
Hapusqq zahra,,, for me you're introduction is really clear :)
Hapus-keep spirit-
well I just want to correct the title.
HapusIt will be more efficient if you change your title to be "the use of free talk cue card to improve . . . "
second is ESL stands for "English as Second Language"
CMIIW :)
Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.
BalasHapusMuh. Alhikmatullah (A1D2 10 114)
BalasHapusINTRODUCTION
Language is very important for human life, because through language we can communicate to other people where we can express our ideas, feeling, and opinion in our mind. Basically, all counties have their own languages that they used in communication, and furthermore, we know that English is the most important language in the world. It is used a medium of communications either in business or relation with another countries. English is one of the international languages. It’s used in almost in every country as second language and an international language even thought in Indonesia.
The purpose of teaching English to junior high school students in Indonesia is to improve their communicative competence. In the other words, students can be communicative to used English language as the second language. They can apply their idea to be creative by using English language. They must be mastery for skill of English language. The area of four skills namely speaking, listening, reading, and writing, but to gets one of the all skills students has to be competence in vocabulary. According to Hornby (2000) in Advance Learner’s of Current English says that vocabulary is: 1) All the words that a person knows or uses, 2) All the words in a particular language, 3) The words that people use when they are talking, 4) A list of words with their meaning in a book for learning a foreign language. Based on the statement above means vocabulary is more important in learning English. So, it is belief that to teach vocabulary the teacher must use ice breaking activity.
According to Johnson (2007) ice-breaking activity is very important in learning process to freshen the atmosphere of learning, to eliminate boredom and drowsiness that can be faced by anyone, including students and to create positive attitudes towards school and learning. It means that to achieve good result, to provoke desire of study and to avoid any uncomfortable feelings of children in learning English, the teacher should create good condition and interesting way by using ice-breakers as pacemaker.
The researcher has a reason for choosing this topic. The student have short attention when they are learning in the classroom they are easy to get bore, shy, an anxiety by routine learning activities. It means that to get their attention teachers must have special technique in his/her teaching processes. It is believed that by using the ice-breaking activity, the student can feel more comfortable and ready to get the lesson because they love to play and it can be useful for teachers to get their attention. Based on the description above, is study designed to investigate the effect of ice breaking activity on students vocabulary at SMPN SATAP 3 Kapoiala.
NAME: DEWI SARTIKA (A1D212029)
BalasHapusAn Analysis on the Grammatical Errors in the Students’ Writing
English is a foreign language that is studied by the students’ Indonesia since they were in the basic level of education. They study English and master the fourth of language skills. Such as: listening, writing, reading and speaking. All of the skills are to be improved in the process of teaching and studying English. But, one of the skill that most difficult is writing. Writing in the first year students is taught into 5 kinds of text: recount, narrative, procedure and news item. Here the writer only used writing recount text to be analyzed. Writing needs hard thinking when the students produce word, sentence, paragraph at the same time with good English grammatical. English grammar is more complicated than Indonesian grammar. Some mistakes are made when the students do not understand about English grammar. Many of students make grammar mistakes in their studying especially in writing. But, sometimes their teacher don’t aware when they make mistakes in writing, so that, students repeat their mistake, because they don/t have correction from their teacher. ‘’ Carl James said that: if the learner is inclined and able to correct a fault in his or her output, it is assumed that the form he or she selected was not the one intend, and we shall say that the fault is a mistake.’’
Errors in language learning are natural. Therefore, when the teachers teach in the school, they will find many phenomena: they will find many students who have good writing and may be they will find many students who have low ability in writing English. According to the explanation about, it is important by the teacher to give error analysis in students writing. Although errors are bad things in learning English, error analysis is advantageous for both students and teachers. For students, error analysis is needed to show them in what aspect in grammar which is difficult for them. And for teachers, it is required to evaluate themselves whether they are successful or not in teaching English.
Dear dewi sartika, your background is good, but let me give some correction to build up our writing better than before.
HapusFirst, remember "but" is connecting idea that use to connect to sentnce become one of complex sentence, and it places in the middle of both that sentence. so, it is not suitable in the beginning of sentence too often.
Second, although we paraphrase other people or experts statement, we still have to write down also the year when the expert published him/her paper or literature since the statement is not ours.
Third, your background just consist of two paragraph, so it make your background doesn't clear about where do you put first stage, second stage,.... until fifth stage in writing background.
Thank you,...keep fighting,..
Thank's for your suggestion kurniawan,Your correction can help me to improve my introduction,,,
HapusI think you have good introduction, but I don't understand where the five point steps that mom posted before, because your introduction just have two paragraphs. I hope you can divide it into four or five paragraphs, so make us know which the first - five point steps in your introduction.
HapusTEACHING VOCABULARY THROUGH COOPERATIVE CONTENT-BASED TO THE SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 10 KENDARI
BalasHapusIn junior high school, vocabulary is not taught as one separated subject, but integrated into the other four skills. This approach made the teaching of vocabulary is not focused. Moreover, this sub skill is sometimes ignored in teaching learning process. Since, the teaching English is diverged into several skills; it is not effective to develop vocabulary skill for students to master. It makes the students vocabulary is not developed. As the result, students’ vocabulary achievement becomes low.The same case also happens in SMP Negeri 10 Kendariwhich is projected as the location of the research. The students’ mean score was 30.8 which categorized poor as stated by Sudjana (1990).
There are many techniques of cooperative learning, which can be implemented in teaching learning process. One of them is cooperative content-based. Cooperative content based adapted two cooperative learning structures namely Quiz Quiz Trade and Numbered Heads Together, Kagan (1994). Cooperative content based is different to the content-based instruction (CBI) that emphasized on the content mastery by utilizing the language. Cooperative content-based focused on the activity that hold the principles of cooperative learning, namely individual accountability, equal participation, face to face interaction, and positive interdependence. The activity can be arranged in either pairs or groups where students can develop cooperative learning principles including positive interdependence and face to face interaction. Students rely to each other to learn new vocabulary. Students’ motivation and confidence can also be boosted because they have chance to speak out both in groups and to the whole class.
Kagan (1994) also states that the students more easily recall and retain words after teaching each other. In cooperative content based activity, each student has responsibility to understand one part of the task and to teach their friends about it. This is also suitable with the principle of cooperative learning, namely individual accountability. Moreover, students also gain confidence during the review activity, which gives each student a chance to speak out, supported by their teammates. This step makes sure that even the passive students are given opportunity to participate. It gives the students equal participation that will encourage them to learn. Finally, learning vocabulary helps students develop cooperative skills that they will use to complete their English skills.
Teaching vocabulary through cooperative content based can be integrated into the other four skills. For example, in pair interaction, one student can explain the word definition while the other students guess the word. Also, in group discussion, teacher explains one definition and students discuss the word with their group member. Based on description above, the researcher is interested in investigating the teaching of vocabulary through cooperative content based to the second grade students of SMP Negeri 10 Kendari.
KASMAWATI (A1D210084)
BalasHapusWORD ORDER IN BUGINESE LANGUAGE
In linguistics, word order typology is the study of the order of the syntactic constituents of a language, and how different languages can employ different orders. There are six theoretically possible basic word orders for the transitive sentence : subject-verb-object (SVO), subject-object-verb(SOV), verb-subject-object (VSO), verb-object-subject (VOS), object-subject-verb (OSV) and object-verb-subject (OVS). The overwhelming majority of the world’s language are either SVO or SOV, with a much smaller but still significant portion using VSO word order. The remaining three arrangement are exceptionally rare, with VOS being slightly more common than OSV, and OVS being significantly more rare than the two preceding orders.
Word order English equivalent Example language
SOV She him loves Japanese, Latin , Turkish
SVO She loves him English, Mandarin, Russian
VSO Loves she him Hebrew, Irish, Zapotec
VOS Loves him she Malagasy, Baure
OVS Him loves she Apalai, Hixkaryana
OSV Him she loves Warao, Yoda
In Buginese language, there are three word order in the sentence such as: subject-verb-object (SVO), verb- object-subject (VOS), object-subject-verb (OSV). Like that:
Word order English equivalent
SVO Andi magello bajuna
VOS Magello bajuna Andi
OSV Bajuna Andi magello
I'm sorry sister, but I don't really understand the structure, and the meaning of your background,.. hope you can explain to me or to another people besides me next time,..
HapusI'm sorry...I didn’t understand what you wrote above. I think this is not for the background research but as a summary of an article. As already described Mrs. Nurnia, a good background proposal has 5 stages, but I do not find the 4 stage, including:
Hapus2) More specific statements about the aspects of the problem already Studied by other Researchers. 3) Statement (s) that indicate the need for more investigation. 4) very specific statement (s) giving the purpose / objectives of the writer's study. 5.) Optional statement (s) that give a value or justification for carrying out the study.
Thank you…
I'm sorry sis, I agreed with Muh. Kurniawan n Saltri statements. because I didn't understand about your introduction...
HapusYour introduction is really different between introduction that mom posting.
I'm sorry.. I'm not understand your introduction, because your introduction it's simple. you must include 5 stages mom posting.
HapusI'm sorry sister, I don't really understand your introduction. Will be better if you put the meaning of your sentence. Not every one know the meannig of your sentence, because you are using Buginese Language.
Hapusoh my God,,,,,,
Hapussist, please think of us too....
I really confused with word order in your language,,,,
NAME: FITRI ANISYAH ( A1D212035)
BalasHapusINFLECTIONAL IN MUNA LANGUAGE
Muna language is the one besides various local languages exist in South East Sulawesi. It is used as a colloquial in daily interaction by Munanis people. The origin of Munanis. People occupy the Muna island at southern part of South East Sulawesi. Muna language is also used as a medium of interaction in cultural activities. Muna language has several dialects. Rene van den Berg states that there are three dialects, they are Southern, Tiworo, and Standard dialects. South dialect is used at Southern part of Muna main island particularly at Gu and Mawasangka areas, also at Siompu and Kadatua islands. Tiworo dialect is used at Tiworo area which scopes Kambaara and surroundings, include Balu and Maginti small islands. The last one is Standard dialect, it is used at the widest areas, extent from the middle part, at the eastern, at the western, and at the northern parts of Muna island includes Tobea and Renda islands (Berg, 1989: 6-7).
One aspect that often talked by researcher is Inflectional in Muna language. Inflectional is can not changes the meaning and class word. In both English nouns can be inflected to indicate a change in number (that is, to indicate whether it is singular or plural) or gender (although changes in gender, such as from "actor" to "actress," are unusual in English). In both languages, verbs are also inflected to indicate tense, mood, person and voice. In Munanis also there some noun that can be inflected . Inflectional Morphology A Theory of Paradigm Structure by Gregory T. Stump, René van den Berg’s (1989).
The purpose of the study to know Inflectional in Muna Language. The topic can be identified the structural inflectional in Muna Language.
This is good, but again, remember when we quote or paraphrase someone statement no matter in research paper or literary books by experts, it is no need to write the tittle of that book. we just need write the author with the year he or she publishes him or her works and with the pages if we know exactly the book. thank you,.. hope you don't be offend,..
HapusDear Fitri, your introduction is good, but the research on muna language many careful and read a lot of his thesis in the TAMAN BACA and library uho. Mr. René, also been researching about muna language and obvious. Why would that have been researchers in research by others and the results are already will be the same because it is not possible muna language is changing. So my advice probably should be looking for a title that has not been studied other people, such as the writing ability at senior high school students, you may be researching that in junior high school, or senior high school too, but also different problems and different cities/places. Thank you
HapusMUSLIMIN (A1D2 12 039 )
BalasHapusA. Introduction
The speaking of English becomes a need many people, especially for the students. Therefore, they are now learning that skill. Some of them may study at formal school, and some of the other may take an English course. The students also now take extra lesson to learn English, especially English for conversation. But there are some problems that happen when they learn English speaking, they can not speak English well, they can not pronounce the English words well, and most them do not understand to what their teacher speak. The students have difficulties in speaking English because they never practice in the real life. They have troubles with their pronunciation and vocabularies. And the teacher does not see very well of what the students need to motivate them in learning English. In this case, the teacher plays the important role in teaching the student and increasing their abilities in speaking English. The writer regards that the problem of the students above can be helped by using the right method that can improve their speaking abilities. One of the method is by practicing the dialogue as often as they can until they used to speaking. Someone is regarded as capable of one language when he or she can speak fluently and can use the language for communication effectively and efficiently. The ability of speaking is often regarded as the main goal of the learning of a new language (English). As we know that mostly Indonesian students have some difficulties to improve their skills in English . Sometimes the students are bored with certain teaching atmosphere and they think learning English is very difficult. That’s why English teacher should find the way to make students enjoy learning English. There are various approaches and methods used for teaching language skills, one of them is Coopeartive Learning Method. Cooperative Learning assumes that students are able to acquire written or oral language when they are motivated and are not nervous. Based on the background above, the writer put forward this study in teaching speaking through cooperative learning method in improving students’ capability in their speaking skill.
It's nice introduction, but you need the specific statements by other researcher to support your study. Please visit and download this site
Hapushttp://eprints.uny.ac.id/9838/
I expect it can be helpful
It's nice introduction, but let me give some comment about your background,..
HapusFirst, pay attention to the format of background itself. I mean you must be make the format clearer by dividing it into several paragraph, to make every step is provided clearly.
Second, it is too general when say just cooperative learning because there are so many type of cooperative learning that use in teaching methodology. So, make it more specific by concentrating just in one type of cooperative learning
For more further information about the type, please read the book "Kagan Cooperative Learning" in Taman Baca FKIP, or please visit this website "http://serc.carleton.edu/introgeo/cooperative/techniques.html" and " http://www.pgcps.pg.k12.md.us/~elc/learning1.html".
thank you,..
dear muslimin, I think this is a good introduction but maybe you must add more statement from some expert
HapusERNIANTI (A1D210103)
BalasHapusAN ANALYSIS READER’S RESPONSE ON READING NARRATIVE STORIES AT THE SECOND YEAR OF SMA NEGERI 1 POLEANG TENGAH
INTRODUCTION
English as an international language is spoken in most international events and is used as the medium of information flow on science, technology and culture. As we are in developing country we should try to be able to speak English to make relationship with other country in the world so that we can master the science, technology and culture in the world, so we can face the competition in the global era. By mastering English, it is easier for us to make a good relationship with other countries. “in education context, English has function as a means to communicate in the daily communication, to get knowledge, to make interpersonal communication, to share information and to enjoy language lesson in English culture. (Depdikbud, 2003: 6). Based on the concept and the function of English, teaching of English at secondary school aims to develop the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing).
Reading is the most emphasized in English teaching and learning process, Reading is one of the complex ways in learning English. It is such kind of activity to comprehend the writer’s ideas or the way the writer communicates with the readers by way of the written or printed words. Following this definition, Tarigan (1997:8) states, “Reading is one of the processes that conduct as used by the reader to get message from the writer through the words or oral language”.
It's nice, but it seems not too completely yet, maybe you need to explain what is story tolling itself and its relationship with reading. Then, please provide some previous study as the base of your research in order to make it stronger.
HapusYour background is a good,but you must add more statement from some expert.
Hapusas far as I concern, it is good enough
Hapusbut....
Wa Ode Fitri Yulianti Bay – A1D212001
BalasHapusTHE EFFECTS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD FOR ACCELERATED CLASS AND EXCELLENT CLASS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
In Indonesia, English is learnt as a foreign language (EFL). It exists in the curriculum of schools from elementary to senior high school and university. The aim of teaching English at school is to master four skills in learning language, namely: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. These four skills cannot be separated from each other because they are a unity. Writing skill becomes the concern of this study.
Although writing is one of the important language skills, many students consider it as the most difficult skill. Writing is a difficult skill to master for both native and non-native speakers (Nunan, 1999:271). It happens because of several aspects: content, language use, vocabulary, organized idea, and mechanic. Many students fail in their writing skills because they have inadequate knowledge to master those aspects. In addition, many teachers find it difficult to determine a suitable method in teaching writing in order to develop students’ writing skills. Thus, cooperative learning method is a method that can be applied in developing students’ writing skill.
Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. This approach can have numerous affective benefits for the learner. Such tasks are able to enhance student interaction in the EFL classroom, lower the anxiety associated with completing tasks alone and raise students’ self-confidence. This approach also can increase motivation, risk-taking and tolerance among learners.
Kagan (2005) believed that, on a cooperative team, each member of the group has a unique contribution to get the goal (positive interdependence), so each one is responsible for a role, or a task (individual accountability). David and Roger Johnson (1975) identified that cooperative learning promoted mutual liking, better communication, high aceptance and support, as well as demonstrated an increase in a variety of thinking strategies among individuals in the group. Ross and Smyth (1995), describe successful cooperative learning tasks as intellectually demanding, creative, open-ended, and involve higher order thinking tasks.
There are many varieties of structure in cooperative learning method that has been developed by Dr. Spencer Kagan, like roundtable structure or technique. Roundtable techniques is a simple cooperative learning structure which can be used for brainstorming, reviewing, or practicing a skill, use the single sheet of paper and pen for each cooperative learning group (Kagan, 1992). This technique is good to apply in teaching writing because it can influence the students’ writing skill development and the problem in group work can be solved. Kagan (1992) proposed that in roundtable technique students do problem in group, and finally on their own.
The purpose of this study is to discover whether there is a significant effect of students’ achievements in writing skill as the result of using cooperative learning method in roundtable techniques for acceleration and excellent class in senior high school. The main consideration of using this technique because it is appropriate for writing skill, besides that in the process of this technique also provides the opportunity for students to pour their writing skills on a paper and help each other in their group members.
Very good background, but maybe you forget to write previous study that has been examined this method sister,...
Hapusand maybe it will be better if the word "Cooperative Learning" is substituted by the word "Roundtable Techniques", (just to the point in the technique that you will be used in your research later ), in order to make it more specific.
thank you,.. and keep fighting,...
Thanks for you suggestion.... :)
HapusNur Ayuni Sari Dewi (A1D212047)
BalasHapusINTRODUCTION
The Influence of Watching English-Subtitled Movie on Students Grammar Development
Foreign audio-visual programme is not a scarce thing to find. Television often broadcasts such program in the form of movie, reality shows, or in a rare case, news. Most of viewers find movies are more interesting than other programme. Moreover, they will appreciate it if the soundtrack is not dubbing into their mother tongue. In opposite, some of the movies may and may not put captions of their language in. However, many viewers do not mind if they have to watch movies in second language subtitle.
The topic regarding the effect of subtitle is often used as the object of research as the technology is viewed to be a helping medium of teaching foreign language. Aurstad (2013) provided the role of subtitled audiovisual material in second language acquisition. Zanon (2006) analyzed the students’ second language acquisition development by producing video subtitle.
The finding of a grammar acquisition through subtitle study stated there was a strong impact among older participants about the items of presented rule in the movie. Both experiments 1 and 2 of the study shown the older participants did better than the younger (Van Lommel, Laenen and d’Ydewalle, 2006). However, the study indicated that the findings are not evidence that the grammar acquisition acquired through movie only. Therefore, another research is needed to be conducted to ascertain this topic.
The aim of this study is to identify the influence of watching foreign movie according to their interests with target language subtitle aided by a dictionary on middle school students’ grammar development. Many educators believe that television programs with subtitles seem to provide a plentiful context for foreign language acquisition. Furthermore, the use of movies can be important in learning and teaching, and emphasize that active learning can be motivated and better assisted through the use of audiovisual materials from popular culture field (Pescosolido, 1990).
you have nice introduction, you made it based on the step that our lecturer has given to us. :)
HapusI've some references that have corelation with your title, I hope it can help you to construct you proposal, but it seems hard to give you that references by using the link, because it cannot work automatically if you click the link, so I just give you the title, and you can try to find it in google. .. :)
a. The Effectiveness of Using Subtitled Video to Teach Grammar
b. Foreign-Language Acquisition by Watching Subtitled Television Programs
c. The Effectiveness of Using Movies in the EFL Classroom – A Study Conducted at South East European University
let's try and enjoy it... :)
NELY ( A1D2 12 027)
BalasHapusTextbook Analysis on “Headline English” for The Eighth Grade of Junior High School Based on 2013 Curriculum
Textbook is a main guideline in teaching and learning process. Textbooks take important role for the successful in teaching and learning process. In 2013 curriculum, students are demanded to be more creative, so in this case, textbooks support students to be more creative. As Littlejohn and Windeatt (1989) state that textbooks contain some materials that can be used to improve students’ cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skill. Besides, textbook contains a collection of written or oral texts with accompanying explanations that are selected for the learners (sauvignon, 1983). Textbooks also facilitate dialogues and worksheet, so the teachers are unnecessary to design the exercises to evaluate the students.
So far, none of the researchers conduct a research of the textbook of 2013 curriculum. Confessing this gap, the researcher will check the suitability between the basic competences in the syllabus of curriculum 2013 and the basic competences in the textbook and materials in the English textbook to the basic competences in the syllabus of curriculum 2013.However, there is previous study about textbook analysis in 2006 curriculum. Yusuf (2008) claimed that textbook for Senior High School is inappropriate, in terms of instruction of the book and the content of the book. More studies about textbook analysis especially textbook based on 2013 curriculum are necessary to be conducted.
Cunningsworth (1995) claims that there are two approaches in evaluating textbook; they are impressionistic overview and in-depth evaluation. Impressionistic overview is an approach foe evaluating textbook from the general impression of the textbook. In-depth evaluation gives a careful examination of representative features. In-depth evaluation gives detail information in evaluating the textbook.
The purpose of this study is to find out the aspects of textbook which fulfills the criteria of good textbook of the eighth grade for the Junior High School students based on 2013 curriculum. In terms of cover, layout, design, objectives, content, exercises, activities, and supporting aids for the teacher will be analyzed based on evaluation criteria. This study is identified to give contribution for the improvement of English textbook in Indonesia.
Your background is so amazing .. I love it ^_^
HapusNely-san, I must confess that you have a good introduction. It is a bit difficult for you to present a title where there is no previous study in your case, as you stated. However, I think that it is a bit off to mention bluntly a previous study that is not included in your field of sample. I guess it would be better if you just said, "However, there is a previous study in 2006 curriculum that claimed the textbook is inappropriate for its target students, in the terms....(Yusuf, 2008)."
HapusEventhough there are flaws that is not worth mention, I believe you have impressed me with your writing. Furthermore, I agree with your statement that conducting this is research is a contribution to improve English textbook in Indonesia.
it's nice comment..maybe it looks like a praise. I hope that I can be a first researcher who conduct the textbook analysis on 2013 curriculum.
Hapus#Saranghae
for nely RD,,, I think you have a very good introduction,,,
Hapusand have your hope will come true soon....
Nurkaiyum Mesa (A1D210019)
BalasHapusTHE USE OF PRINTED MASS MEDIA TOWARD STUDENTS READING ACHIEVEMENT AT SECOND GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 2 RAHA
INTRODUCTION
Language is one of the most important things in people life, which language is tool of communication and interacts with other people in all over the world.As an international language, English is very important and has many interrelationships with various aspects of life owned by human being. In Indonesia English as a foreign language and as stated in the curriculum is one of the compulsory subjects that should be mastered by students such as listening, speaking, reading, writing and aspects of language such as the grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary.
Reading, one of language skills, and also something crucial and indispensable for the students because the success of their study depends on the greater part of their ability to read. If their reading skill is poor they are very likely to fail in their study or at least they will have difficulty in making progress. Many people say that reading is the window of the world. By reading, people can get the information widely without going anywhere.
In SMA Negeri 2 Raha reading becomes one aspect that is taught in English instead of Writing, Speaking, Listening and Grammar. The result of the interview based on the writer observation in this school is it revealed that the second grade of SMA Negeri 2 Raha students had a problem in reading.When the writer asked about the students’ reading ability, the teacher said that the students weak in reading comprehension.
The cause of the problem came from the teacher, the students, outside the teacher and the students. From the teacher’s side, the teacher’s way of teaching reading affected the students’ reading comprehension. Unclear explanation and monotonous technique used by the teacher discouraged students to learn reading. The teacher still used ordinary way in almost everydayteaching and learning process. She just asked the students to read certain text in the book or students’ exercises book (LKS), and then he asked them to do the task following the text. The monotonous process of learning made students discourage to learn.
Magazine is one kind of printed media, which has been known since along time ago. It is understandable since magazines are published in various types according to the need of the society. There are magazines especially published for women, men, and teenagers. There are also magazines, which specialize in news, hobby, housekeeping, sport, health, and so on. Magazines are motivating since it offers so many interesting materials to read.
In this action, the writer gives the treatment by using texts from magazines in teaching reading.Considering the function of mass media especially the press ineducation and the curriculum of senior high school that emphasizes reading in the teaching of English, the writer is interested in conducting an experimental research in teaching reading by using printed mass media. The reason leads the writer to conduct experimental entitled “THE USE OF PRINTED MASS MEDIA TOWARD STUDENTS READING ACHIEVEMENT AT SECOND GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 2 RAHA”.
Dear Nur Kaiyum mesa
HapusIn my opinion you have very interesting background, but I'm sorry for saying this that you forget to write the literature review also the previous study related to your research later. Thank you, hope you don't be offended with this comment.
your introduction will be perfect when you don't neglect the literature review and the specific statement of previous study about your research.This e-book can be helpful eprints.uns.ac.id/3929/1/02807200909411.pdf
HapusSongs to Improve Students’ Ability in Pronouncing English Words
BalasHapus1. Introduction
Learning language is very important especially English. English has became an international language which connect people in many countries. Although English is not the largest number of native or ‘first’ language speakers, English has been widely used by many people over the world as the ‘second’ language (Harmer, 2001:1). In this globalization era, Indonesian people in their daily life will frequently use English.
English is taught in junior high school untill university and becomes a compulsory subject. In Englsih there are four skills that have to be mastered by the students, such as listening, reading, writing, and speaking. However, pronounciation also becomes one of important part in english. As stated by Harmer ( 2000: 183 ) that for all these people, being made aware of pronunciation issues will be of immense benefit not only to their own production but also to their own understanding of spoken English.
The students often find problem with pronunciation when they speak, read, or listen to English words. It might be caused by some factors. Learning English is very complex since there are many factors that determine the success or failure of learners in language learning. There are two kinds of factors, which affect someone in learning English: internal and external factors come from the learners themselves, such as motivation, interest, aptitude, and intelligence, while external factors come from outside of the learners, such as the situation and condition of the environment, learning materials, and the teacher’s ability in handling the English teaching and learning program.
Therefore, the teachers should have several special methods to make their students attracted to learn English. The learners need a way of teaching that is fun and practical so that finally they can integrate themselves into English, for example singing English songs can get the students integrated to English. It is assumed that they can contribute many things to improve student’s capabilities, especially in their skill elements, such as vocabulary enrichment, listening and speaking. Singing English song is believed to have direct influence on the pronunciation skills. This thesis tries to find out whether songs can improve students ability in pronouncing English words.
It's interesting background, but you need to write the previous study that has been conducted and examined this approach along it result.
Hapusthank you and keep fighting brother,...
kurniawan is right..you need the previous study but over all your introduction is good,all of the paragraph is unified,good transition signals and flow smoothly
Hapus“A STUDY OF LEARNING STYLES OF CLASS VIII STUDENTS AT SMP N 1 KENDARI”
BalasHapusLearning styles is individual style which learners do in his/her own way to get information/knowledge in learning process. Learning styles are very crucial because that’s the way people will learn something. It is also important that people should have known their own learning styles that fit them. If they found and aware with their own learning styles, it is really good for making them learns better. The better one is aware of their own learning style, the better they can use them to his advantage in learning.
According to Stern (1992), learning strategy concept is very much dependent on the proposal of learners’ cognisant engagement in classroom activities in order to achieve pre-specified goals. One major finding among them is that successful language learners in general use more and better learning strategies than do poorer learners. This result has appeared consistently in L2 learning strategy studies (Stern 1975; Rubin 1975; Hosenfeld 1977; Naiman et al., 1978). However, many researchers have described successful language learners and their strategies. In this case, people differ from each other in the way they learn because they have individual way of making themselves understand and learn the lessons. This is important because each person have their own characteristic, so they need different learning styles that fit them.
There are four basic dimensions of language learning styles. The first is analytic-global. Analytic learner is learner who will be really detailed in grammatical details or writing structure details and tends to avoid full-speaking activities. In contrast, global learner really likes communicative and speaking up activities and didn’t really likes grammatical or full-of-rules structures. The second is Sensory Preferences. Sensory preferences divided into visual, auditory, and hand-on. Visual learner likes to read and seeing some visuals while learning because they will feel bored or confused without any visual. Auditory learners enjoy oral communication and didn’t have any problems if there’s no something visual. While Hands-On learner didn’t like to just sit on the chair. They like to do movements and do kinesthetic practices also moving activities. The second style is Intuitive and Sensory Learning. It means that intuitive learner is a learner that can think abstract and without concrete steps and often do their own leaps. While sensory learning is a learner whose organized in terms of learning. They like it if the lesson plans are well organized and they will follow it to achieve their goal. The third style is Orientation to Closure. Closure-oriented learner tends to have a strong need in clarify all aspects in language learning and they tend to be serious and hardworking. The last style is Beyond the Stylistic Comfort Zone. It means that this is learning style which suggest to learner to try different learning styles that they usually have.
In this time, SMP N 1 Kendari chosen as the place to do this observation of learning styles. There are many class VIII students there, which means that they have many different learning styles. It is important to know the learning styles of students and make a report about it. By doing this observation, it is expected that these different learning styles of students would be found, and teacher can apply combinations of methods that suit them. Therefore, the teacher must decide what goals it would be best to teach and what strategies and tactics are best suited for teaching these goals, because it is really important for teacher to include as many techniques as possible to enhance student learning. The result later is expected to be able to give significance contribution to learners in teaching English and also can make them be better in learning.
Good,....
HapusI think your introduction is good. actually, when I read yours, I didn't find any mistakes. your title also good and I think this learning style will be suitable to be applied in class...that's all.
HapusThanks all :)
HapusAjis A1D2 12 048)
BalasHapusTeaching Extensive Reading to Increase Students’ Motivation in Reading
Today, English learning is increasingly important in our country. English can be used as a language of education, business, technology, science, the Internet, popular entertainment, and even sports. There is no doubt that schools have included English proficiency as a graduation qualification. Nowadays reading also as one of the four basic skills, and it is the crucial one during the English learning process.
Some people are agree that extensive reading is very important and become one of approaches in teaching English. Graham Stanley said that another model for teaching reading exists an extensive reading approach and involves students reading long texts or large quantities for general understanding, with the purpose of enjoying the texts. Reading offers a crucial opportunity for second language development in second language learners, which is particularly true in EFL classrooms where materials of second language input are quite limited (Gebhard, 1996). Thus Extensive reading is very important because extensive reading involves a large number of various linguistic phenomena and historical anecdotes, which promote reading motivation and enhance the reading performance of students. (Day & Bamford, 1998).
There is a large body of research on extensive reading. Bamford and Day (2006) have completed a study on extensive reading for teaching language and have contributed a book which is an excellent resource of collection of over 100 classroom activities, allowing teachers to expand on the language learning potential of extensive reading. In their work, the importance of extensive reading for increase student’s second language ability has been studied and many instructive suggestions have been made. In addition, Richard and Bamford (2006) finished another book called Extensive Reading in the Second Language Classroom, which gives a practical idea of how to organize extensive reading instruction in language class. Although there have been some studies on extensive reading, only a few study of EFL extensive reading exist. Most of the studies are limited to giving methodological theories, rather than providing practical instructions. Moreover, there have been few comprehensive effective methods of developing professional skills for extensive reading. Although many materials have been used the various language
The goal of this study is to exploring and analyzing the influence of extensive reading on students’ reading motivation for L2 students. This study is also to monitoring students’ progress in learning extensive reading and also monitoring students’ motivation in reading while the learning extensive reading. Thus, reading should be a pleasurable activity student to increase their motivation in reading and it must be promoted by the teacher by using extensive reading approach.
Dear Ajis Liando,..
HapusIn my opinion, your introduction is very good Ajis. Thank you.
Name : Naskun Ahmad Wunanto
BalasHapusNIM : A1D212045
“THE USE OF SHORT STORY TO IMPROVE STUDENT INTEREST AND COMPREHENSION IN READING SKILL”
Introduction
Language has a very important means in communication in daily human life. English is an international language. People of different countries speak English to communicate each other. English is a key, which opens the door to scientific and technological knowledge in our world. In studying foreign language, reading is one of the important key to master the language itself. Reading in a foreign language, in this case English is considered to be difficult for most Indonesian peoples especially for students.
Therefore reading skill is very important, a stated by (Rumelhart , 1980)When a person reads, he tries to relate the new information in the text to what is already known, consequently, textual features play important role in activating prior knowledge which would lead to the comprehension. There are also a fact that reading is one of the most important skills, it is defined by Grellet (1981, p.7) as a medium of communication, the power to get information from the written language; it is also an active taught-arousing problem- solving-process. In this process the reader must make an active contribution by drawing upon and using concurrently various abilities that he has acquired. It is also well documented in the literature that when a person reads, he tries to relate the new information in the text to what he already knows. The reader must make connection between what a text is about and external referential objects, ideas and people (Mikulecky, 1990).
Reading comprehension can be described as a complex process which needs reader’s active thinking in constructing meaning to get deep understanding to the concepts and information displayed from the text (Blanton et al., 2007; Neufeld 2006; Rapp et al., 2007 cited in Westwood, 2008:31). Related with that, some research shows that the ability of Indonesian students in reading English texts was very low (Syatriana, 2010:28). Furthermore, an observation conducted by the researcher during her teaching practicum in a junior high school showed that the students‟ capability in comprehending English texts was poor. This is occur because the student interest in reading is very low, and there are some causer factor such as the text is to long, or look bored that can make people especially student lazy to read and automatically do not understand about the content of the reading text.
Therefore, using short story to improve student interest and comprehension in reading skill can be a good method to measure student ability in reading for the learners from all levels even in school or student from university. In this research, the researcher expected that the students will follow the story easier. Beside that, the story is expected to make the students interested in reading the short story.
Based on the explanation, the researcher purposes is to investigate how the use short stories to help students improve their interest and comprehension in reading, and what is the student responses about the use short stories in teaching reading itself.
Dear Akun,...
HapusIn my opinion your introduction is interesting,.. but I'm sorry for saying this,..:
First, pay attention to the using complex sentence in good order, and also the mechanic brother,..
Second is about the word ("therefore" in the beginning of your sentence in the second paragraph) I think it is better to use that transition word (therefore) in the last sentence of a paragraph (as a concluding sentence). thank you,.. hope you don't be offended with this comment brother,...
Dear Akun.
HapusIn my opinion your introduction is good, but I have a suggestion and focusing on "SHORT STORY". I suggest that you have to add your third paragraph by giving a little explanation about the way you make the students interesting in reading by using short story, or giving an explanation about why students will love reading short story, because in the end of your third paragraph you said that students are bored and lazy to read, and I think it will be good if you give an explanation about the advantages of using short story in order to make student love and enjoy or feeling interesting to read by using short story.
that's all from me Thank you Akun
Eta Fajrani Adam (A1D212061)
BalasHapusThe effect of using media social (facebook) to improve vocabulary for junior high school student
Teaching vocabulary in any level of education for English learners has become one of necessary thing to build and improve all of English skill. Knowing more words gives our mine more ways to think about things and more tools to plan or figure out about something. Social media network as one of the main part of internet developing has taken part also in the learning process. Facebook as the most famous internet social networking is the best media to be use in teaching.
Vocabulary is an important aspect in teaching language, as stated by Edward (1997:149), “Vocabulary is one of the important factors in all language teaching; student must continually learn words as they learn structure and as they practice sound system”. According to Hatch and Brown (1995:1) define that vocabulary as a list of words for a particular language or a list or set of word that individual speakers of language might use.
Gagne’s (1974:4) statement that, “Instruction or teaching is a set of events which effect learners in such a way that learning is facilitated”. Moreover, Kasihani Kasbolah (1993:9) states that teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand. Teaching here means that the teacher have to create in such a way that there is the interaction between learners and infer mental which include teacher and teaching aids in order to achieve the determine goal in teaching English, especially teaching English to young learners.
The purpose of this research is to improve the learner’s vocabulary ability for junior high school with using facebook. Facebook can be more effective if the learners can interact with the Facebook. The interactions include the activities that can expand the learners’ understanding of the words and the use of them in any language skill. The learners will not feel that they are studying using facebook because they feel such as playing their hobbies. Giving them new vocabularies to make those words as popular topic in facebook forum will make them accustomed with those words and they can be easily to memorize them without intended to memorizing purposely.
Dear Eta,...
HapusIn my opinion, your introduction is interesting, but maybe you forget to including the previous study in your writing,..
Addiction,
" Gagne’s (1974:4) statement that....." maybe it is better if the form be "Gagne’s (1974:4) stated that,....."
Thank you, and please don't be offended with this statement sister,...
I think your introduction is very good and also interesting, and I like your last sentence at first paragraph, in that sentence you make it more specific about what kind of research that you want to do, and you describe it more in the second paragraph, but in my opinion I think you will find it hard to do your research, because what you are going to do needs computer and also internet connection, it means that you need a research place that has both of that stuff. Arigato ghozaimasu.
HapusI like your introduction, but unfortunatelly you just explain little about the using of facebook. I just suggest you to find out more research about the using facebook in teaching. you can explore many interesting things in facebook that many people do not think the same. I suggest you to meet Mr. Alberth to do consultation. He is doing the research about hybrid learning throgh using social media. I also have a lot of Hybrid journal in my laptop. I hope can share them.
Hapussincerely :)
Name : Lisa Indrajaya
BalasHapusNIM : A1D212065
The Effectiveness of Humor to Improve Student’s Self Confidence in Speaking at First Grade of Senior High School
Introduction
English is one of key which open the door of scientific knowledge and successful life. The Indonesian government has chosen English as the first foreign language to be taught on the schools. English has taught from junior high school up to university. There are four skill that student have to master it in learn English language. Those are listening, speaking, reading and writing.
However, even if student can master listening, reading, and writing, student still have difficulty when the teacher asked them to speak in English. As stated by Ramelan (1992: 10), language is an arbitrary system of speech sounds which is used in interpersonal communication by an aggregation of human beings, and which rather exhaustively catalogs thing, process, and events in the human environments. Many researchers like Bailey (2005) and Goh (2007) have proposed methods to enhance speaking skills by means of syllabus design, teaching principles, types of tasks and materials, and speaking assessment.
Some students take their education seriously in the classroom especially for student at first grade. When they learn English especially in speaking, they study too serious and unconsciously make them under pressure. When they are under pressure, lot of problem will come such as nervous and lack of self confidence. It makes them can not speak English properly. One way to improve student’s self confidence is to incorporate humor into the classroom. As recently as the 1990s, structured use of humor in…classroom was elusive at best, and flat out dissuaded by administrators at worst (Lovorn, 2008).
Humor can be represented as jokes, puns, riddles, sarcasm, physical antics, nonverbal behaviors, cartoons, and one-liners (Wanzer et al., 2006). Humor has psychological, social, and cognitive (educational) benefits. Humor has the power to make student feel comfortable, improve creativity, and promote social relationships. In 2006, Melissa Wanzer placed appropriate teacher humor into four different categories labeled: “related humor,” “humor unrelated to course material,” self-disparaging humor,” and “unintentional humor” (Wanzer, et al., 2006, 184). Another way to view these four categories is by labeling them as “high-risk humor,” “low-risk humor,” “offensive humor,” and “self-effacing humor” (Berk, 2003).
With applied some humor in the classroom during the learning process, a comfortable situation in the classroom can be made. It is can make students improve their self confidence and make them feel free to express their imagination and feel free to speak in English. In this case, they can feel free to speak English even if the pressures from the teacher still same. The pressure here is the indictment score, the fluency, or from the grammar. It is a good way to use humor during learning process in classroom especially at first grade on senior high school, because it can build student’s self confidence from the first, because the best time to improve student’s self confidence is when in first grade.
However, not all the students can improve their self confidence to speaking English just because the comfortable situation in the classroom. Therefore, based on explanation above, the researcher aim is to investigate the effectiveness of humor to improve student’s self confidence in speaking at first grade of senior high school.
Dear Isal,..
Hapusyour Background is very interesting brother,
But, I think you forget to write the previous study about correlation of humor with self confidence in speaking,.
maybe you need to visit this sites. in this site there is an international journal which explain about the correlation of humor and self confidence,..
http://www.google.co.id/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CFwQFjAF&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amstat.org%2Fpublications%2Fjse%2Fv10n3%2Ffriedman.html&ei=ch8dVMudO4afugSNxoLYCg&usg=AFQjCNFeh0pnMS3KDjv8FBVgSWihhGZF2Q&sig2=z1eDWr-6T_4NFiv3VUgkPg
hope this will be usefull. thank you brother (the handsomest).
Dear Lisa Indra Jaya:
HapusI want to give you a suggestion that you have to be careful with this research, because nothing I found the references about this research, so we can say that this is a very rare research or we can say that no one do a research about this. So, I suggest that you have to be careful if you want research about this. Addition, in your introduction in the fourth paragraph you have to add an information about requirements that must be owned by teacher in making jokes in order to make classroom enviroment become comfortable like you said in fourth paragraph.
Notice: teacher who can't making jokes or not have a good sense of humour will look freak while they're making jokes
dear Isal the sweetest.. this is such a Nice introduction :D
HapusSALTRI ARIWENI (A1D2 10 025)
BalasHapusThe Effects Of Project-Based Approach By Using Constructivist Teaching Models On The Students Reading Comprehension At The First Year Of High School Negeri9 Kendari
English is international communication tool. English is the language studied in almost every country in the world, Indonesia is one country. If the people of a country can speak English, then the country can be said that the state has enough smart people because the English language, the public or the government can establish a friendship or cooperation from a variety of fields, such as in the field of economics, communications, government, education and other.
In learning English there are four skills: writing skills, reading, listening and speaking. But all of the four skills, there are many more that need to be learned in English Study abroad, learning about the vocabulary, grammar, and others. Each of these skills has a teaching technique or process different. Two experts who have presented techniques taught four skills are Michael Lewis and Jimmie Hill in their book entitled "Practical Techniques for Language Teaching" (1992). They present the techniques of teaching listening, speaking, reading, and writing. In fact, they also present the structure of teaching techniques and vocabulary. Of course all the above four components are very important to be learned or taught but, in this research proposal, reasearcher just focus on one component, namely reading. researcher think, reading is important in supporting learning English because, reading and enhance students can obtain their prior knowledge. However, researcher thinks the reading is not an easy thing, especially for students reading textbooks. In the researcher experience’s of reading is, want to read a book or article if the book is interesting to read , or books related to liking’s. If the book or article or text is not associated with favorite’s or problems had’s or have ever experienced, she was lazy to read it.
The use of a constructivist approach does not change the demands of the curriculum. This approach is simply to change the strategy of teachers in guiding students to reading and interpreting the content, its application in schools there should be no conflict. It is associated with a project learning approach supported by constructivist learning theory. This learning theory is based on the idea that students can construct their own knowledge in the context of experience. This project learning approach can be seen as one approach to creating a learning environment to encourage children to build knowledge and skills personally. They will understand the study material by using their own language based on what they see, find, and natural. Teaching projects give children the opportunity to work and willing to share their knowledge productively find.. Teachers only observe and monitor the activities of teaching and learning both in the classroom and outside the classroom. Therefore, researchers are interested in proving to the effectiveness of project-based approach using the constructivist model of teaching reading with the title "The Effects Of Project-Based Approach By Using Constructivist Teaching Models On The Students Reading Comprehension At The First Year Of SMA Negeri9 Kendari.
Mom, I'm sorry. before I posted my proposal title is "Morfologies Procces In Bajo Language At Maginti Island", but I change now with "The Effects Of Project-Based Approach By Using Constructivist Teaching Models On The Students Reading Comprehension At The First Year Of High School Negeri9 Kendari" because I found little difficulty in making the introduction cause lack of reference. Once again I'm sorry Mom. Thank you.
Dear kak Saltri Ariweni.
HapusThis is a good introduction. the gap that you write here quite clear, but maybe you can add more statement from some expert to support your introduction. I hope you can accept my comment
thank you for comment lisa.....actually at the time I wrote it was in a hurry because I just open my blog and see the deadlines that night, finally I wrote it in a hurry and for what it is, not a lot of information that's I input. so that's why I change the title. before Morfologies Procces In Bajo Language At Maginti Island to be The Effects Of Project-Based Approach By Using Constructivist Teaching Models On The Students Reading Comprehension At The First Year Of High School Negeri 9 Kendari.
HapusEnglish is international communication tool. English is the language studied in almost every country in the world, Indonesia is one country. If the people of a country can speak English, then the country can be said that the state has enough smart people because the English language, the public or the government can establish a friendship or cooperation from a variety of fields, such as in the field of economics, communications, government, education and other.
HapusCooperation between fields of education in Indonesia can be seen from the number of students from other countries studying in Indonesia, as well as Indonesian students studying in other countries. It is one of the government's cooperation with other countries in the field of education that is supported by the importance of learning English. Therefore learning English is very important and it can be said that the English lessons into lessons that occur special status in the school curriculum. This can be seen in increased student learning of elementary school level, middle school, high school to university level. Than, English lessons not only in the encounter with the formal educational one, but on non-formal the encounter too.
In learning English there are four skills: writing skills, reading, listening and speaking. But all of the four skills, there are many more that need to be learned in English Study abroad, learning about the vocabulary, grammar, and others. Each of these skills has a teaching technique or process different. Two experts who have presented techniques taught four skills are Michael Lewis and Jimmie Hill in their book entitled "Practical Techniques for Language Teaching" (1992). They present the techniques of teaching listening, speaking, reading, and writing. In fact, they also present the structure of teaching techniques and vocabulary. Of course all the above four components are very important to be learned or taught but, in this research proposal, reasearcher just focus on one component, namely reading. researcher think, reading is important in supporting learning English because, reading and enhance students can obtain their prior knowledge. However, researcher thinks the reading is not an easy thing, especially for students reading textbooks. In the researcher experience’s of reading is, want to read a book or article if the book is interesting to read , or books related to liking’s. If the book or article or text is not associated with favorite’s or problems had’s or have ever experienced, she was lazy to read it. In fact, reading is very important as it is in say Browton (1962:283) that reading is very important for students because reading helps students grasp solidity vocabulary, structure and complement of the other language skills. But they could not master the reading if they do not know very well how to determine the topic sentence and supporting details, in addition to their concern for the unity, coherence and emphasis paragraphs.
THE NEXT......
HapusThe purpose of doing the reading is to understand what is read, and can draw conclusions after reading. Therefore, a teacher must be precise in using teaching techniques, due to the success of student learning value also depends on the techniques used by the teacher in teaching. There are many techniques or approaches to teaching reading, such as the constructivist approach and the communicative approach in this proposal, but researchers only focused on the constructivist approach, for according to researchers constructivist approach makes students more focused and active in learning as revealed by Carr et al (1998: 8-9), that the characteristics of the process of learning and teaching using constructivist approach are: (1) students are more active in the learning process as they learn to focus on the integration of new knowledge with their knowledge of long experience, (2) each different views will be appreciated and well needed; students are encouraged to discover and synthesize a variety of possibilities in an integrated, (3) the learning process should encourage cooperation, but not to compete. The process of learning through collaboration allows students to remember the lessons longer, (4) control the speed and the focus is on student learning; way this will further empower students; (5) constructivist approach provides a learning experience that can not be separated of a real-world context.
Based on his experiences Carr et al that the process of learning and teaching with a constructivist approach would be more promising because: (1) better motivate students to learn, because it is more focused on the students and the process is authentic, (2) encourage critical thinking, synthesizing, creative, and meaningful, (3) allows the use of different learning styles as a result of the focus of attention to individual pupils (individualized instruction), and (4) encourage the search (inquiry) is more natural. The use of a constructivist approach does not change the demands of the curriculum. This approach is simply to change the strategy of teachers in guiding students to reading and interpreting the content, its application in schools there should be no conflict. It is associated with a project learning approach supported by constructivist learning theory. This learning theory is based on the idea that students can construct their own knowledge in the context of experience. This project learning approach can be seen as one approach to creating a learning environment to encourage children to build knowledge and skills personally. They will understand the study material by using their own language based on what they see, find, and natural. Teaching projects give children the opportunity to work and willing to share their knowledge productively find.. Teachers only observe and monitor the activities of teaching and learning both in the classroom and outside the classroom. Therefore, researchers are interested in proving to the effectiveness of project-based approach using the constructivist model of teaching reading with the title "The Effects Of Project-Based Approach By Using Constructivist Teaching Models On The Students Reading Comprehension At The First Year Of SMA Negeri9 Kendari.
Muh.Kurniawan (A1D212041)
BalasHapusIMPROVING STUDENT SPEAKING ABILITY THROUGH PRESENTATION PRACTICE PRODUCTION TECHNIQUE
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
Language as means of communication plays important role in social relationship among human beings. English as one of international skill is very important since it requires as a bridge of communication among people around the world. It seems by the existence of English as the language of technology such as internet, computer programming, important literature, and science that necessary for human activity in daily life universally. This case is more urgent since the implementation of AFTA (Asian Free Trade Association) that will be held on 2015 in Asia including Indonesia. It is a must for every people to start learn about English and mastering it to fulfill the role as actors at the event. In Indonesia, English is one of foreign language that taught to students from elementary school up to university level. In teaching English there are four skills that should be mastered by student. They are listening, speaking, reading and writing. These four skills are related one to another in order to masters it completely.
Speaking is one of important skill that should be mastered in order to communicate in English fluently. As stated by Burns and Joyce (1997) cited in Retno, (2010:11), speaking is an interactive process and construction that involving producing, receiving, and processing information. Furthermore, the importance of speaking, Ur (1996:120) says that “…. of all the four skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) “speaking” seems intuitively the most important”. It is because the indicator that someone masters language is his or her ability to speak the language fluently.
However, teaching English as foreign language, especially speaking skill still faces some serious problem. In non-native English speaker’s countries, it starts from junior high school level, senior high school level up to Students University level; the students are well-prepared to pass various kinds of tests, but they are not good in communicative aspect. Therefore, most of students are good in exams but unsatisfactory in communicative ability. Indeed, this is such bad conditions that lead people into incompetence for applying the language that has been learned for many years as a tool of communication in their daily life fluently and accurately.
CHAPTER I
BalasHapusINTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Since long time ago learning English is not something new for human in the world who has been interested in it. The reason is because the main function of language that is for communication. So, in learning process, one of the important things is vocabulary. In this case, whoever has low vocabulary mastery will confuse when utter something and even cannot talk fluently. Besides, people will not be able to express their opinion properly. Thus, vocabulary acquisition is very important because without enough vocabulary the students will get difficult to communicate by using English.
The teacher are facilitator in mediating and learning process in the class. They are hopped to use various technique or media in presenting of vocabulary. This hope emerge, because vocabulary hold a significant role in increasing the mastery of vocabulary itself. Therefore, this statement indicates that the enriching of vocabulary is a vital part in effective communication. It means that, if a student has enough vocabulary, she or he will be more active in communication than others in expressing her or his ideas. Keraf (1985:21) states that, “semakin banyak kata yang dikuasai oleh seseorang semakin banyak pula idea tau gagasan yang sanggup diungkapkannya”.
Related to the importance of vocabulary, the English teachers have to design media of teaching which can enable the students to improve their English vocabulary. The effort to increase the students’ vocabulary must be planned by the English teacher in the teaching and learning process because they have an important role to develop the students’ vocabulary. One of the teacher’s roles in teaching and learning process is how to encourage the students’ interest and motivation in learning. The students’ interested and motivated in learning in the classroom depends on the teacher’s techniques or what kinds of media that used in presenting of vocabulary material.
Because of a good vocabulary is a crucial part of effective language communication. In Indonesia, English is a compulsory major which is taught in Junior High School and Senior High School as a second language. As a result, the Indonesian government always makes effort to improve the quality of teacher and other component which are involved in education process. The education in Indonesia has been improved from time to time, one of them is established by curriculum. According to the competence based curriculum of Junior High School, the goal of foreign language learning is to learn how to communicate by using the target language orally or writtenly. So, after learning English, students should be able to communicate in English spoken or written. As the writer said before that in Junior High School, English is taught as one of compulsory subject. The students learn English for the second time after finished in elementary school. So, they learn the English components including vocabulary in junior high school.
Dear Ayu Sryyanti
HapusI think there are two points you need to correct at
first is you should add your title before the writing before the writing.
It is well. . . just small thing but it is better to make it there
second is the purpose, please make it through your writing so your introduction can be clearer and more understandable.
Although there is no title, people can even guess your title wjust by looking on your purpose
CMIIW :)
first, thanks for Nu'ul Hiyat who has comment and remind me. and I'm sorry I forgot to write the tittle of my background. I think it needn't topic any more because I have sent it before.
Hapusonce more I'm so sorry. the tittle of mine is "THE USE OF SONG LYRICS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY"
for my purpose in my introduction I"m sorry too... it was not loaded all yet. so, actually my introduction still to be continue but I'm sorry again I"m late to reload,,,
sambungan my introduction
HapusI'm sorry if the purpose still not clear yet too:)
The functions of learning English in Junior High School are; first, by studying English students are expected to have a means to develop their knowledge of science, technology and culture. The second is students are expected to be able to support the development of tourism. The acquisition an educating vocabulary is essential for successful second language because without an extensive vocabulary we will be unable to use structure and function. Of course, the vocabulary mentioned here is the vocabulary in curriculum of Junior High School. Students must be able to use a lot of vocabulary of English, if they want to be successful in learning. Vocabulary is an important element in language besides pronunciation and grammar. We cannot express ideas in English without learning English vocabulary. So that, when students are given a passage with word that are supposed to have been taught earlier, they still find it difficult to understand the meaning. To make students motivate and enjoyable to study vocabulary, the teacher should be creatively in delivering material. We should use varieties strategies in teaching vocabulary. One of the strategies that can be used by teacher is using media to support the teaching learning process. There are some teaching media available now, so the writer uses song lyrics to improve students’ vocabulary.
I'm sorry B4
it's alright. People always make mistakes after all. . .
Hapusbut anyway, there is still one thing to look at. It is still based on your purpose. Well. . . your title is about song lyrics and I think it will be better if you should add the strengths or good thing about it, not just proposing the idea.
CMIIW :)
ok, thakns,,,,,, you right,,,
HapusKomentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.
BalasHapusLanjutan Introduction Pertama Muh. Kurniawan
BalasHapusPresentation Practice Production Technique (PPP) is a method for learning language creatively and effectively for students. This technique is used for making process of teaching and learning process interesting in classroom and make student being active and perceptive in language classroom. Studies have shown that when students participate actively in class their understanding, acces and student and achievement towards the material seem to be higher than who are passive. Nunan (2008) cited in Alfiatul Izzah, (2013: 24) said that PPP method is relatively straight forward, and structured enough to be easily understood by both students and new or new emerging teachers. It showed that this technique suitable for student which difficult received new material and feel difficult to express their ideas. It is also to make easier for the teacher make some plan step by step to make more understand for the students. Vystavelova (2009: 30) adds that the advantages for PPP methods are lessons is provided clearly and simple and lesson is easy to prepare because the material used for the lesson are ordered from the simplest to the most difficult.
Related to this background, there are some of researches have conducted empirical studies to examine the effectiveness of Presentation Practice Production (PPP) techniques into language teaching (Rintaro Sato; 2010, Oleg Tarnopolsy: 2002, Lenka Vystavelova; 2009, Alfiatul Izzah; 2013, Muhammad Solikhudin; 2006). Rintaro sato cited in Wd. Heni Muja, (2012: 4) finds out that PPP technique is still practical and beneficial for learning in Japanese secondary school since the students are required to learn target structures and efficiently within a limited amount of time. Whereas, Oleg Tarnopolsky (2002) cited in Wd. Heni Muja, (2012: 4) emphasizes on the point that PPP can be applied with various teaching method from grammar translation to communicative. Although much study have been done, more studies need to be conducted to ensure the effect of Presentation Practice Production in teaching language and improving language skill specifically in speaking skill.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher is interested to conduct a study through Presentation Practice Production technique in reducing the problem of speaking. The researcher will conduct this study in university level. The researcher will conduct PPP instruction through communication approach. Indeed, the speaking material will be more about specific purpose in conversation.
apa juga kau ini kurniawan ? kya bgus sj ini kau punya backround, kya kereta api,panjangnya mhi ! baru ko sok sok comment smua backgroundnya orang lain,kaya dosen sja kau ! dasar biji cabeeeee , tobat ko
Hapuskaka, saya minta maaf sekali na,... kalau mungkin cara saya post cooment terlihat menyinggung (dalam hal ini, bukan maksud saya sok pintar ka,) maksud saya baca semua background teman" kan sebagai pemebelajaran buat saya, oh ternyata oh ini yang lebih bagus caranya untuk menulis background,..
Hapusdan maksud saya post comment itu kan supaya menarik perhatian (bisa dikata sejenis undangan atau keterterikan) yang punya supaya kita bisa laksanakan diskusi lebih lanjut maksudnya,
sekali lagi saya minta maaf bukan hanya pada kaka, tapi kepada semua teman-temanku yang lain di kelas writing 4, saya comment begini, bukan berarti saya lebih pintar, lebih baik dan sempurna daripada teman-teman semua,...dan saya sangat terbuka sekali jika teman-teman juga memberikan komentar yang akademis mengenai background saya,..
sekali lagi saya minta maaf,.. dan terima kasih,..
Hahahahahaahaaa .... Wawan after I read yours, I can conclude that ur background has a clear explanation. the good point is u have a lot of literary review. However, it will be great if u try to make short your introduction, as our lecture said that make a brief introduction. Thanks - Have a nice day.
HapusAfter I read yours as well, I think your first paragraph is too general. Reason is the field you're going to focus is speaking while your general statement starts from language.
HapusMy suggestion for your first paragraph is instead of language, you should start point it from speaking, such as "Speaking has been part of language since long time ago. It is one part of language that specify on utterance, or oral performance. It can be seen through people's talk, as that is resembled as the act of delivering information to others. and bla. . . bla. . . bla. . ."
once again this is just an example so you don't have to put it in your paragraph
CMIIW :)
Dear wawan,, this is a Nice and very long introduction :D hahha, pardon me, but I think you have to make little short, and think the scope of your first paragraph is too general, you begin it by explain about language in general, my suggestion you can start it by explain about English language (just suggestion), Arigatou ghozaimasu. I hope you can also read my introduction and give some advice or suggestion because I know that my introduction is so far from perfect. Thanks.
HapusEveryone does mistakes quite often, so there is no reason to feel down -well I don't believe to be one of such--. Wan, your general statement is too long. Moreover, I think that you misunderstood the stages of mentioning previous study and the reason why we need another research to be conducted. I believe these stages does not mean to be in the same paragraph, yet you included both of them. And the fatal is for the reason you do not mention any previous study that presents result that makes you feel unsatisfied.
HapusWeeell, as I said, everyone often does mistakes. My statement may be wrong or inadequate. :3
Aaaaannd, sorry for the typo! :3
HapusEveryone often does mistakes, riiiiigght??
Name : Vivin Angreni L
BalasHapusStb : A1D212017
IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILL IN ENGLISH AT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL BY PRACTIC CONVERSATION IN ENGLISH DIRECTLY.
INTRODUCTION
This century people around the world communicate by doing conversation through english . Basically , because it is already patent as a international language . We can avoid that the skill of speaking English must be applied earlier , especially for Junir High School student.
Speaking is an interactivce way process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information (Brown, 1999 ) . In this case speaking with involve actively and extensively communication especially with peers , it will increase student’s speaking ability. Doing conversation with peers will make students more confidence to accept the learning . That is why method of speaking English actively through conversation must be learned since this earlier term.
There are function of conversation in speaking that has been defined by Jack C. Richards . some of thes fetures are speaking as interaction . It describes interaction in social life . When people meet they are talk each other and doing conversation. Talk as transaction , it refers to situation where the focus is on what is said or done. The message is the central focus here and making oneself understood clearly and accurately ,rather tha participants and how they interact socially with each other. Speaking as performance , this refers to public talk .
The purpose of this study is to inform and educate the learner at junior high school that communication in english is more effective by doing conversation directly , especially with their peers. They will be more excited and get the materi of the study easier than using textbook or reading a long text.
Dear Vivin..
HapusLet me give you some suggestion about your introduction..
When you write introduction, you have to follow 5 stage of introduction, but after I read yours, I realize that you've missed the third stage about statement that indicate the need for more investigation.
Thanks :)
wow just a little problem... you just need more investigation, belle. may you have problem with time to find more investigation, right? because i know you can doing better introduction with your skill. four thumbs for vinbelle woohhoo
HapusThe Environmental Factors That Influence The Style of Language
BalasHapusIntroduction
English is the first foreign language in Indonesia, English is carried out in education. English is one of the compulsory subjects taught in SMP and SMA as a foreign language. As a result, the Indonesian government always makes efforts to improve the quality of English teaching. The English teaching in Indonesia improve from time to time. Therefore, the environmental factors that influence the style of language.
To develop students’ language skills in reading, listening, speaking and writing, the learners must master vocabulary. In its use in everyday life, many variants growing variant according to the user is referred to as dialects and variants according to the use of the so-called Language Variety, because it is so influenced the style of language , so wherever a person is as long as it has a variety of media such as writing, he said all structure and will not change. However, the direct use, spoken language is superior due to its characteristics which have supra segmental elements with facial expressions, high and low sounds, and gestures.
Keraf argues, style or a style to be a problem or a part of the diction or choice of words fits questioned whether the use of words, phrases or clauses specific to a particular situation. Therefore, the issue of language styles include all the hierarchy of language, which consists of; individual choice of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences, and even extends to a discourse as a whole (2008: 112). In line with this thought, Nurgiantoro stated that the style is characterized by formal characteristics of language such as word choice, sentence structure, figurative language forms using cohesion and others (2002: 276). Both of the above statements can be concluded that the style does not only emphasize on the stale language only, but all language. so the style is very much influenced by environmental factors, so that his name occurs variety of language or dialect. So the style can be defined as a way of expressing thoughts through language typically showing the spirit and personality of the author with the purpose of obtaining certain effects, which aims to avoid or reduce rather than style stretcher.
NAME : FITRIAN CHERMILAWATI
REG. OF NUMBER : A1D2 12 031
your introduction is good but it is better if you put a clear purpose of the study
HapusDear Fitrian..
HapusWaode masriani have remind you before that you have to put a clear purpose of your study, but beside that I think you also need to add the third stage and the fifth stage on your introduction.
Your general statement seems too long for me and it's not really clear.
thanks :)
Your introduction is pretty good , but i am sorry still there is no a clear purpose eventually . On your statement in paragraph two honestly i am not really agree because not all aspect of English need vocabulary it is reading aspect . This activity only doing reading based on text only , so we do not need master vocabulary . We only need a better pronounciation.
Hapusthank you :)
INTRODUCTION
BalasHapusThe Effectiveness of EyeSpeak 10 Software on Speaking Student’s Proficiency
In the 21th century, computer has been the greatest technology ever found in this mankind. Computer is likely to be the main focus in this age. The world has seen the mac, linux, Microsoft as the market marker and the future technology. Since it was found firstly in 1960s, computer has been covered all of humanity. Many people use computer to help their works as well as sustaining their lives. Yet, computer has been being developed all of time to fulfill people’s demand. As a result, there are a lot of types of computer are made in order to help people with different field of works.
Many researches about computer are conducted every time to make it more mobile and efficient. The researchers also keep finding its advantages and disadvantages. Because of doing so, computer has both advantages and disadvantages to be dealt with. According to Cacciatore (2013) states that social relationship can be mediated and facilitated trough technology (computer). He further states that the using of technology can be applied in the school. In other way, computer has a lot of advantages and seems possible that it can reach any kind of works.
However, computer has disadvantages. Lai and Kritsonis (2006) reports that educational cost will be the problem and there are some imperfect software which cannot handle unexpected situation. Another disadvantage is the cost of computer still expensive. As a result, the using of computer cannot be widespread, especially for poor people.
Computer has been applied in many aspects including learning and teaching instruction. All subjects including language learning can be aided with computer usage. In the 2L classroom, the effectiveness of computer in learning process depends on the software which is used. Klamma, et al. (2007) states that the using of software can enhanced the learning process and sustain the life-long learner. The numbers of software have been designed for measure students’ ability in language learning that include four skills of language. One of them is software to measure speaking proficiency.
The research keep developing some software to measure speaking proficiency. That is EyeSpeak software. (Tao, 2007:126),
‘The Eyespeak program, as its name suggests, is multimedia visual pronunciation software created by Visual Pronunciation Software Ltd in 2005. It is noteworthy for its use of speech recognition technology, well animated visuals, sound recordings, graphic articulatory displays, and record/playback capabilities.”
The previous finding by Tao (2007) shows that EyeSpeak improves students’ pronunciation and helps students to identify their sounds sources including articulatory and phonetic, but but only of segmental sounds in isolated words. The software also can give the immediate feedback to the students. Although study has been done, more study need to be conducted to achieve more improvement on students’ speaking proficiency.
The purpose of this research is to enhance students’ speaking proficiency. It will include tone, stress, pronunciation, and timing as well. The students’ ability will be compared with native or origin spoken English. The students also will learn how to speak English well and accurately as well as improve students’ motivation in learning speaking in ESL classroom.
nice introduction. I just comment about the program. I think that eye-speak program has limitations in terms of feedback accuracy and vocabulary explanation.
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BalasHapusWa Ode Masriani (A1D212021)
BalasHapusDifficulties in Speaking English Caused by Strong Influence of Traditional Language Accents
A. Introduction.
English is one of the most important languages because it is spoken internationally. One of the main purposes of studying English is to be able to speak English fluently. The reason why ability of speaking English is considered as an important skill is because people could use it as a highly beneficial weapon in pursuing a bigger career opportunity and in building an intensive international communication. Because English is so important, it is now being taught all over Indonesia’s continent, even in the remote villages where the citizens have a very strong traditional accent. These accents, which have been carried by them since birth are often become the most common barriers to reach a satisfying fluency in speaking English.
The problem of not being able to reduce the strong accent while speaking English is one of the most difficult ones to remove because the accents and the traditional native language come in an inseparable package which strongly influence their English speaking accent (Pearson 2007). People with strong accent usually keep their accent even when they speaking in different language. However, in English, the accuracy of pronouncing a word in the correct accent is really important because a different way of pronouncing can raises a different meaning of the word Delahunty (2010: 110).
The pronunciation mistakes that people with strong accent make while speaking English is relate with their lack of ability to reduce their accent. The previous study which analyze how traditional language affect their ability in speaking the second language. (Rina Marnita and lucy suraiya). The aim of this previous research was to find out whether the first language has a remarkable influence towards the students productivity in speaking and writing in the second language.
This very common problem of reducing strong accent in speaking English, especially for Indonesian students, has initiate the researcher to conduct study in hope to help the students in making their strong accent fades away step by step until they meet the standard way of pronunciation.
I think that it's too difficult to fade away the strong accent in speaking ability because everyone has different accent. In other hand, it's to difficult to conduct your research
Hapusnelly, thank you for your suggestion. before I hope there is friend comment my introduction. I know it is difficult to fade the accent of everyone ,but we could minimize the strong accent step by step with practice, so we can speak fluently with good pronunciation.
Hapushere we go...
Hapusfirstly, I'd like to say that your indtoduction is prety good. I also agree with Nely's statement above. I'm sure that you will be having some problem(s) with the student's accent. It may because English is not our major (second language) and our teacher (Elementary, junior HS, Senior HS) taught English primitifly. We were not taught about how to speak well, we were taught to pass the exam. however, I believe that students' accent can be reduced with a good treatment and good teaching. I hope your research will succed. here some articles for helping your research
Enjoy it :)
http://jls.sagepub.com/content/29/2/224.abstract
http://www.google.co.id/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CDQQFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hltmag.co.uk%2Foct12%2Fmart06.rtf&ei=RjEgVOmUNpKrogTjIQ&usg=AFQjCNEWY3MXfLwJ9aF56Tjom4lTAnXNJg&bvm=bv.75775273,d.cGU
Eka Arinda Purnamasari
BalasHapusA1D212007
Developing Students Creativity In Writing a Paragraph Through Brain Storming”
` Writing is a medium of communication that represents language through the inscription of signs and symbols. In writing class, there are many way that offered by the teacher to make the writing process easy and interesting for the students. One familiar way that used in writing a paragraph is “brain storming”. Brainstorming is a group or individual creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its member. The term was popularized by Alex Faickney Osborn in the 1953 book Applied Imagination.
The concept of brainstorming was introduced by Alex Osborn in his book Applied Imagination: Principles and Practices of Creative Thinking. Many previous researcher found that Brainstorming was more effective than individuals working alone in generating ideas, although more recent research has questioned this conclusion (Osbon, 1953). Richards (1990) found that student interaction was an important part of developing the cognitive skills involved in generating ideas, and found brainstorming was an effective way of achieving this. Rao (2007) found that students who had been trained in brainstorming techniques and used them regularly over a twelve‐month period produced measurably higher results in writing tasks.
Using brain storming in developing student’s creativity in writing is approved can be the best way to collect many data and idea from students in completing a paragraph. This is based on the premise that the human brain is a pattern recognition machine. The techniques used in this research project aim to disrupt these patterned ways of thinking and facilitate a more lateral approach to dealing with a writing question.Bejarano Y, Levine T, Olshtain E, Steiner J. (1997). Therefore, this simple way is need to be used frequently in writing a paragraph.
The purpose of this study was to develop student’s creativity in making a paragraph using brief brain storming as the eay way to collect many ideas in completing the paragraph. Using brain storming in completing a paragraph can make student easier to gather the basic idea related to their topic of paragraph. This way was considered as the useful way for students of writing class in making a complete paragraph.
I think, I not yet master in writing, but After I read your introduction is very good. it is appropriate with five stages and also the purpose is clear
HapusName : Zumratil
BalasHapusTittle : The Effect of Using Media (Pictures) to the Primary Students Achievement in Teaching Vocabulary
CHAPTER I
1. INTRODUCTION
In the developing nations right now, English is one of language that many countries used most. Every people use English and study it because English is International Language in the world. Many countries used English as a second language. In Indonesian, many people study English. From kindergarten, English has been taught for children. To learn English for the first time, we must know about the vocabulary. To learn vocabulary we can use media picture to improve student’s achievement in vocabulary.
Vocabulary is important to learn because the students may not have good ability to do the communication when they do not have good enough mastery on vocabulary. Spellery (2002:2) stated that vocabulary mastery goes through a passive stage before becoming active knowledge so that teaching vocabulary must be the first priority in the English language. In teaching and learning process, the teachers are hoped to be able to make a good situation in the class. Commonly, the teacher usually used the old method to teach the students and sometimes they give not attention and feel boring at the same time. According to Uberman (1998:20), “the learners remember better the material that has been presented by means visual aid”.
Through teaching vocabulary by using picture, the students are able find the new vocabulary from what they are seeing from the picture. The use of picture as the media also is a kind of indirect learning because when the students see the picture, they do not realize that they are also learning to get the new vocabulary too. The use of pictures in teaching vocabulary is a fun activity because pictures keep the students from getting bored. The use of pictures also make the material of vocabulary is more meaningful, to help the students memorize the word and to represent the real object or the thing.
According to the researcher, the problem of the students when they learn vocabulary is they feel bored when they study vocabulary because the teacher use an old method that make the student uninterested to study vocabulary. The students also difficulties to understand the meaning of words when the teacher learning vocabulary to the third grade students.
The purpose of this researcher is to know whether teaching vocabulary using picture improves the vocabulary achievement. Picture is already known as one of the teaching media. Picture which is also known as visual aid is useful in teaching learning activity, like Uberman (1998:20) stated that learner remember better the material that has been presented by means visual aid. Teaching vocabulary by using picture as one of many techniques that can be applied in the classroom activity.
Good introduction... friend
HapusZumratil
HapusI have a little addition and correction for you. I think your introduction is quite good.., but actually you need to add a specific statement that indicates the need for more investigation about your research. For the last line in fourth paragraph, I think you are supposed to write {The students also difficult to understand..} instead of {The students also difficulties to understand ..}. Also for the first line in your last paragraph, you are supposed to write {The purpose of this research is ...} instead of {The purpose of this researcher is...}. I think that all.. Zumratil Fighting... :D
Name: Sutra Mustika
BalasHapusStambuk: (A1D212079)
The Interference of Phonological sundanese language in Indonesian language by native speakers sundanese in Wonggeduku, northern Konawe.
Introduction
Language as a communication tool the series of sound produced by the human vocal organs consciously and regulated by a system. Language was arranged according to a certain pattern, not arranged randomly or carelessly. Most humans on earth using two languages as a means of communication. (Klein, 1986:11). In Indonesia although the national language used is Indonesian language. However, because the variety of ethnicity, race, and region were included , allows someone to have a language other than Indonesian language, in fact it is possible to make the regional language as a language which was first obtained before the Indonesian language.
Sundanese community is one of the tribes in Indonesia that using sundanese language as a mother tongue before acquiring Indonesian language. With so many languages obtained by the sundanese, so there tends to be error pronounciations by native speakers of sundanese when having to use Indonesian language, because there are some in the Indonesian vowels that are not used in the sundanese language.
One of the negative effects of the practice of alternately using two languages is happened confusion used of language the so-called interference. Interference can occur at all levels of phonology, morphology, syntactically, up to the level of the lexicon. (Krashen, 7:1981).
The purpose from this research is to know form of interference structure of sundanese language which there is in Indonesian language and to analyze mistake native speakers of sundanese language in Indonesian language.
I think, your introduction is very interesting, but probably you can add some statement from other expert about your material to support your introduction. i hope you accept my comment,
Hapusthank you . . . .
Wa ode rosdianti ( A1D2 12 057 )
BalasHapusTHE IMPROVEMENT OF STUDENT’S SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH GUESSING GAMES TECHNIQUE
Speaking is the ability to pronounce sounds and words articulation for mengespresikan, declare or express ideas, thoughts and feelings and talk is one that must be mastered students. The fact that it happens that in learning Indonesian at primary school for that purpose in accordance with the curriculum, teachers tend to use learning techniques that monotony that makes students less interested and feel bored with learning Indonesian and consequently the learning outcomes to be low. Aims to improve the conversational skills to improve the quality of the learning process to express ideas orally in learning Indonesian and improve speaking skills in describing the plants and animals around the method of learning to play a guessing in learning Indonesian. Therefore, with the students' speaking skills have increased activity and learning outcomes in the teaching and learning of Indonesian in describing plants and animals with meenggunakan playing a guessing method can create active learning and stimulate students to be more willing to express their opinions orally, motivate students to improve dasil learning and can improve student familiarity.
In the classroom, the teacher must create the situation that can encouragereal communication, many activities can be designed to make majors’ elementlively. Games is one of the techniques that can be applied in teaching speaking because games in one of potential activity that gives students feeling of freedom toexpress themselves. Games are also potentially useful to encourage students of interact with each other orally.
In this research, the researcher focuses on the guessing games. The reasonfor using guessing games is you give more opportunities to students to make turnsin speaking during the times allocated. The researcher assumes that guessinggames are combination between language practice and fun. They can express their ideas freely because they do activities with their friends. This game is also easy toadmiser and flexible in terms of subject matter and design.
Rosdianti, you have good introduction, but don't forget to put researcher's or expert's statements in your introduction, it can help you to support your topic here. :)
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HapusDear Rosdianti, good work,..I appreciated it. don't never give up to make do more exercise in order to make good writing,.. remember about the good structure of word.
Hapusyesss kurniawan...... thanks for your suggestion.....
HapusSabrina ika armin ( A1D2 12 055 )
BalasHapusTHE USE OF CONTEXT CLUES STRATEGY ON STUDENT’S VOCABULARY ACHIEVMENT IN SENIOR HIGH JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
INTRODUCTION
Vocabulary is very important for studying English, learner who just study grammar without vocabulary get difficulty to convey what he or she wants to say. However, learner who just learn vocabulary or just read text or open the dictionary will be able to say something. The students who are less in vocabulary, usually have difficulty in writing their own idea, unable to speak English and difficult in understanding the text. In teaching vocabulary, teachers must help students to understand many of new words by using the appropriate teaching strategy because the successfulness of learning process is depending on teachers and the strategy they use. I knows that the students need a new strategy to improve students ability in the teaching and learning English especially vocabulary. One of the strategy is context clues strategy. Context clues strategy is a strategy of inferring meaning of unfamiliar words based on the context. It can be done by combining our knowledge of English or simply look at the relationship between the unfamiliar words with the other words, clauses, sentences or paragraphs. In Context Clues Strategy, the process in learning vocabulary is not just memorizing and understanding words from dictionary but also teacher teaches students how to identify the new words appropriately. Here, teacher teaches students the strategy to identify the meaning of the new words by themselves. So that, students can guess the meaning of the new words in a reading text without depends on a dictionary or teacher. in Context Clues Strategy the students focus on a text which is given and also it implies that learning target words through reading texts, such as acquiring words’ meaning and their typical language environment from texts.
your introduction is good, but it's better if you put or add some statements or cites that comes from the expert or researcher. by using that statement, you can make sure the reader about the topic that you have. besides that, you have to put a clear purpose of your study... :)
Hapusyour introduction is good, but i think it's too short. maybe you can add some statement from some expert, or statement from another researcher that have studied about your topic.beside that, in writing proposal (introduction) avoid to use subject (I), you can change (I) become the (researcher). for example on your introduction you write "I knows that the students need a new strategy...........", you can change it become "the researcher knows that the students need a new strategy...". Thank you, i hope you can accept my comment :D
HapusUsing Short Story to Improve Ability of Junior High Student in English Reading
BalasHapusBeing successful in teaching English is the dominant factor that the English teacher should pay attention to, especially in teaching reading. Through reading, one can enhance his experience, develop new concept, solve his problem, and broaden his horizon of thinking, which are needed to ensure continuing personal growth and adopt the change in the world yet the importance of reading has not been realized by most of our society a large number of our population is classified as poor readers and the majority of the people are content to read materials of poor quality.
In reading comprehension, the message to be imposed in the written form is the most important element that the students must recognize, because the primary purpose of reading is to know the thoughts expressed in the printed material. Therefore, reading wit comprehension is only a way for the students to arrive at what they want to know from the reading material. However, the problem is how to make them comprehend.
For students from elementary to university level, reading is something that has to be done. They have to read their compulsory books or other materials related to their lesson. For students who are studying languages, reading is one of the skills, which has to be learned and is considered as the most important one because it can influence other language skill (listening, speaking, and writing). According to Kustaryo (1988;2) it is certainly not easy to present the English reading for Indonesian students whose language system is different. Reading is a complex process which involves not only the read the text but also their experience to comprehend it. Because of its complexity, many teachers of English at junior and senior high school find difficulties in all teaching reading and prefer teaching structure to reading. Based on all reason above, the writer thinks that short stories can motivate students to read, because short stories are interested in conducting research entitle “ Using Short Story to Improve Ability of Junior High Student in English Reading"
In the teaching reading, English. Teacher should introduce the short stories as an alternative way to give variation to the students in teaching and learning process.
Based on the junior high school curriculum, reading is one of the four skills in studying English. Reading consists of narrative, descriptive, procedure, news item, recount, and anecdote. The aim of the students learn reading, they have to know basic competence and achievement indicators in reading. Basic competence of reading: Understand transactional discourse, interpersonal discourse, and oral monologue especially in the forms of descriptive, narrative, anecdote, analytical exposition, and hortatory exposition using oral language variation. And achievement indicators; Students can read continuous story, students can identify rhetorical moves of a text in the narrative, descriptive, and anecdote form, students can identify main ideas, Supporting ideas, and detailed information of the text, and students can identify and use the tense
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BalasHapusA1D212049
BalasHapusThe Effectiveness of Kamishibai to Encourage Student’s Ability in Writing
Many students often face difficulty when they start writing. It can be caused by the lack of vocabulary, grammatical structure, or the pressure they get to construct ideas. This situation leads to poor ability in writing, not only for the college student but the undergraduate. They may write pages of written task containing their ideas of a certain topic, but it tends to have no logical arguments or coherent paragraph form.
Some researcher seems to agree that there is an indication of poorness writing ability of college students. Gungle & Taylor (1989) and McLeod (1987) indicated that the first year college students in writing classes can identify at least one writing experience that makes them apprehensive about writing. According to Sperber (2011), if a student doesn’t clearly express ideas so the reader can easily comprehend them, then it’s impossible to judge whether the student really understands the ideas or not. In addition, the more students feel inadequate to the task, the greater the chances are that they would not perform well (Leki, 1992).
Baird (2010) claims that as a writing tool for students, the Kamishibai is most rewarding; no matter the class size, students remain engaged throughout the process. Furthermore, Prasetyo (2013) points out that Kamishibai can help students of Japanese Major Study Programme to develop both of the productive skill, writing and speaking, and to explore their creativity in writing. Although, due to many misconception about the using of Kamishibai for college students, more study need to be conducted to discover the potential of Kamishibai in developing students’ ability in writing.
The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of Kamishibai to overhaul college student’s capability in writing considers its potential to engage student with a better brainstorming and mind mapping. This topic becomes a significant issue to teachers due to the realisation of the poorness of college student’s writing capability to date.
Ade risky,,, I think you're introduction is really good :) very appropriate with the five stages that I've read. keep spirit ^_^
HapusThis is nice introductory proposal.
HapusBut let me give comment based on my personal point of view.
I have two points though
1. Sample. The thing it should be clarified is why not from school level? not from university level? I think this is crucial point, because the problem on writing I believe is not coming from university level. Therefore, I suggest you to downgrade your sample level.
2. Relationship between the method and sample, I believe it is better that you add your view on problem with Indonesian student. Well. . . that's because the proposal should connect both sample and method. Eventhough it is an introduction, it will be clearer and more interesting.
please correct me if I'm wrong
Mujvianda Eka Rahardita
BalasHapusA1D212071
"Improving students reading comperhension using picture as a media"
Reading comprehension is a key skill in a child's overall reading development. Reading comprehension as the process of readers interacting and constructing meaning from text, implementing the use of prior knowledge, and the information found in the text. The process of reading comprehension was viewed as the reader’s ability to restate the text.
As the amount of background knowledge concerning a text increases, the ability to comprehend the text correlates. When skillful readers use their schema, their known information is integrated with their new information through a series of connections. Skillful readers verify that what they are reading makes sense and if not use strategies to comprehend the text when it stops making sense. Struggling readers need to be taught to fix their reading when it does not make sense. Teachers need to provide explicit instruction in using picture books as a media in reading strategies. It is imperative that teachers “show not tell” how skillful readers read.
Today it is known that skillful readers use prior knowledge, make connections, visualize, infer, ask questions, determine importance, and synthesize the materials that they read. Choosing developmentally appropriate picture books can make student easier to understand the meaning from text. So picture books merge both text and illustrations to help a child develop reading skills. Various procedures and techniques can be used to teach reading comprehension to children using picture books.
Picture is another factor which can influence the level of comprehensibility of a text. If the student have difficulties in understanding text. Teacher can take an example such, teacher can provided various text using colorful pictures and slides, and has greatly affected the students to both read and understanding the content of the text itself.
Dear Mujvianda Eka Rahardita
Hapusyour introduction is good, but let me add suggestion for your writing,
first is there's no reference from any expert. It should be better that along with your writing, you should add a cite or statement of related topic. It is not only to strengthen your introduction, but also to see that this is a beginning of thesis, not a paraphrased paper.
Second is your purpose. There is nothing specific about it, you should add it.
CMIIW :)
hello dit, i think your introduction is good, but i just want to suggest you that in your introduction you must give some statement from the expert about your material to support your introduction and can help you as a reference to make a good proposal. but you already doing good...
Hapusthank you :)
As far as I concern, your introduction is well-written considers its grammatical structure. The background of the research in 1st paragraph is clear and understandable.
HapusThe 2nd paragraph has a good topic sentence and supporting sentences. The ideas are composed very well, and I find it interesting and worthy further reading.
However, you should pay attention to some part that I cannot find in your introduction. Firstly, expert's finding in regard to the topic. For example when you write "Teacher need to provide explicit instruction in using picture as a media in reading strategies", you should attach some finding of expert about what kind of instruction you are talking about exactly. (Here I recommend a resource you can use http://www.academia.edu/5531783/COMPREHENSION_STRATEGY_INSTRUCTION_IN_LANGUAGE_LEARNING_CLASSROOMS_SELECTING_AND_USING_CHILDRENS_PICTURE_BOOKS_FOR_EXPLICIT_READING_COMPREHENSION_INSTRUCTION&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&sa=U&ei=oEofVMSmOYSKuATFtIHQCQ&ved=0CBgQFjAB&sig2=U1uAR2U2zB9i5Y4N5Plxeg&usg=AFQjCNFdqnQy_Pp5QqKgrUB1RUqmrctpng)
The other one is your last paragraph. It supposed to be the aim of the research, but you did not make it clear. Rather than mentioning what teacher can do related to the study specifically, you'd better write the purpose first. That's one way to persuade us, as reader, to look forward to your further finding.
Your grammatical ability is awesome. I need to learn from you.
Do not bother my comments too much. I am also an amateur writer >_<
We are learning together!!! :D
Hay dit.. your written is good and very nice to read it,simply and understandable.But for make your background better you must start your introduction by general statement as first stage to introduce your study,and you must have reference of some expert to make your background complete of the five stage.. just it my suggestion for you, I hope you can accept my suggestion, because My written is also so far from the perfect. Thank you say
HapusImproving the Writing Skills of High School Students with Giving Short Story Using the Story Mapping Technique
BalasHapusWriting is one of the most powerful communication tools of human being and the improvement of writing skills is the key to success within and outside school. Promoting student’s writing skills is considered to be one of the most important tasks which EFL learners need to develop throughout their schooling. As for short story writing can create a variety of writing activities to help students develop their writing skills.
According to Carter et al., (2002), writing consists of the coordination of processes such as gathering, acquiring and expressing information. Students also need to be assisted in order to become independent individuals and to find the chances in which they will be able to interact through written language (Honskinson and Tompkins, 1987; Anilan, 2005). All students can improve their writing skills by making use of writing strategies in their written products that are used at the planning, evaluating and reviewing stages (Westwood, 2008).
As for short story writing, Murdoch (2002) indicated that “short stories can, if selected and exploited appropriately, provide quality text content which will greatly enhance EFL courses for learners at senior high school level of proficiency”. A story map could be viewed as a visual depiction of the settings or the sequence of major events and actions of story characters with the aim of enabling students to relate story events. The story mapping technique could be used to increase students’ awareness that story characters and events are interrelated.
The purpose of this study is to know the benefit of using story map on short story writing skills at senior high school level. The aim of written expression studies is to have students explain their knowledge, feelings, ideas and imaginations in a correct and effective manner. This technique that the teacher should do in story maps will provide planning, checking and assessment during the pre-writing, writing and post writing processes.
Name : Wa Ode Aisa (A1D2 12 081)
Hey Aisa, I interest in your title due to my interest in writing sort of short story n_n
HapusYour 1st paragraph has introduced us the issue's background –as it used to be. Its grammatical structure is fantastic (I mean how all of you can have such a flawless ability in term of grammar??) #Ade needs to learn harder too… >_<
In the 2nd and 3rd paragraph, you cited expert's finding, quotation, and statement related to the study. It's good that they can be reliable sources and support further explanation of the study in near future.
Anyway, in my point of view, you should fix two parts of it. The first is 1st paragraph. It should have clear topic sentence. In instance, you’d better write simple sentence for the 1st sentence (Topic sentence). May be you can add a (.) after ‘human being’?? n_n
The second is your last paragraph. I suggest you not to mention specific finding of the study (last sentence) since it supposed to be a paragraph of study’s purpose. Further or specific explanation can be mentioned later on (next chapter of the full paper, I mean).
I talk (or write??) too much already.
Sorry, if I’m acting like an expert when I’m just a beginner.
You know, we are learning (n_n)V
thanks ade risky,,, *_* you're comment is very nice although very long comment but it helps me for covering again about my introduction.
HapusMy pleasure, Aisa. You commented on mine too. So, Thank you very much ^_^
HapusMelda Norma Pares
BalasHapusINTRODUCTION
Improving English Vocabulary of Junior High School Students By Using Puzzle Games.
In Indonesia, English is taught as a foreign language that has four skills, namely listening, reading, speaking and writing. Harris (1970:9) stated that the four skills are supported by the learning of language elements. They are structure, vocabulary, pronunciation and spelling. Therefore, vocabulary is one of the important language elements the students should master. He also said that vocabulary and grammar are two very important elements shared by all four skills. From the statement above, it can be said that if the students learn all four skills, they have to master the vocabulary. Mastering vocabulary is a basic part to learn English skills.
In the process of teaching and learning English in Junior High School, mastery vocabulary is important. It is suitable the statement of Lang an (1992:422) he said that a good vocabulary, more than any other factor, was common to people enjoying successful careers in life. Besides that, it is hoped that they will have more vocabulary (because they are easier to catch new vocabularies) and will help them in studying English in the next level of school, (Senior High School) or the university. So that they can use their English in order to
There are many games that can be used in improving students vocabulary mastery. In this study the writer choose crossword puzzles because this game is familiar and very challenging to the students. They try to guess the word based on the clues.
Vocabulary as one of important component in language learning cannot be ignored. Without language vocabulary, the students cannot master English perfectly. Therefore, mastering vocabulary will influence the students’ ability in English.
Melda , It is a good introduction , but i am sorry you need improve your own statement about this research and adding some researcher statement though.
Hapusthanks :)
Name : Olga Pramesty
BalasHapusOff Number: A1D212073
Tittle : Improving Natural Way Of Speaking English Through Online Chatting
CHAPTER I
1. INTRODUCTION
Learning English in school is not enough for some language learner, they must courses through native speaker. Of course need high cost, but the Internet has changed everything. Now, language learner just need to know where to look without spend a lot of money. Social Network is a fantastic place to practice English free. Progress communicating on the internet has provided opportunities for learner how to learn English which even more fun through Online Chatting. By finding the right resources to help learner to start speaking, learner will quickly feel more confident in their abilities as an English learner. Learner will be able improve both their listening and their speaking skills. They will not just know English, they will communicate it.
Ally (2008) defines online learning as the use of the Internet to access learning materials, to interact with the content, instructor, and other learners, to obtain support during the learning process in order to acquire knowledge, to construct personal meaning, and to grow from the learning experience. One potentially useful Internet activity for language students is chatting, that is, communicating in real time by typing or voicing a message into a computer so that it can immediately be read on other computer screens or heard by users, even in another part of the world. Some sites on the Internet are specifically intended for nonnative English speakers and provide opportunities for them to communicate in English (Kitao andKitao, 2000; Basabe et al.,2004).
Through chatting, learners of a language can communicate inexpensively and quickly with other learners or speakers of the target language all over the world. This communication can be either synchronous with all users logged on or chatting at the same time or asynchronous with a delayed message system such as electronic mail (Warschauer and Healey, 1998). Hudson and Bruckman (2002) discovered some advantages of chatting in their study. They mentioned that during the regular semester, classroom interaction was largely teacher-oriented, despite the best effort of the teachers involved. Even though teachers initiated online conversations in the same way, the resulting interaction was student-driven and significantly more interactive than the classroom interaction.
The present study was conducted to inform that improving speaking English through online chatting is very fun, because they can directly communicate with native speakers without having to incur the costs and at the same time got new friends from different countries.
Wooww olga, your introduction is good, surely. Just a little suggestion that you should pay more attention about the grammar, because there are few mistakes in it. But overall, your introduction is very good.
Hapusbelleza , it is so good introduction.
HapusThumbs up :)
for olga,, it will be better if you care Fatin's sugestion. but for me do not too worry first for the grammar,,,..
Hapusin writing academic you just keep writing. grammar can be looking it back after you finish it up. I mean you need to go back and edit your writing after you finish.,,,
I'm sorry B4
oh thanks for you all!!! but vinbel please don't too much,,, nobody's perfect belle hahaha :D ... for fatin stupendo and ayubelle please help me to solve my mistake, may we can discuss it on campus, hohkeh?
HapusAhmad Fathin
BalasHapusA1D212083
The effect of peer group learning to develop student speaking ability
Student who learn about language need a good teaching method to achieve their goal in learning and speaking fluently is the major goal that language learner need to achieve. Commonly student will feel free when they speak with their fried who have similar age, because they have same common topic and they do not need to afraid to make mistake because they have similar knowledge in the language. Teacher need to concern about it if they want their student to speak naturally. Therefore, peer group teaching is a good method for teacher to teach speaking because the student will naturally stimulate to talk if they are with their friend and talk about interest topic together
In ways similar to the community, the peer group becomes an agency of enculturation and learning. Even very young children develop a sense of self from their perceptions of important people in their surroundings, including relatives, teachers, and peers. Socioeconomic status, ethnic identity, and parents’ occupations affect how families view themselves and the process by which they socialize their children (Bornstein, 2002). Later, as children leave the home setting, their self-perception and socializing skills become influenced by how their peers view them. That is the overview about the “peers”. In terms of education peer learning is necessary needed because it can stimulate the student to concentrate more about the subject with their peer.
The term 'peer learning', however, remains abstract. The sense in which we use it here suggests a two-way, reciprocal learning activity. Peer learning should be mutually beneficial and involve the sharing of knowledge, ideas and experience between the participants. It can be described as a way of moving beyond independent to interdependent or mutual learning (Boud, 1988).Students learn a great deal by explaining their ideas to others and by participating in activities in which they can learn from their peers. They develop skills in organizing and planning learning activities, working collaboratively with others, giving and receiving feedback and evaluating their own learning. Peer learning is becoming an increasingly important part of many courses, and it is being used in a variety of contexts and disciplines in many countries.
The purpose of this study is developing student speaking ability by using peer learning or peer group learning. Through peer learning student do not afraid to make mistake so they can express they idea as good as they can without worry about misunderstanding. Using this method also helps teacher to concern more about student strength and weaknesses in their conversation. This method was considered as a good way of teaching language ability that the students have less pressure and no intimidate, no force to express their ability.
Ahmad Fathin :-)
HapusI think that your introduction is very good and completely useful. I only have one addition for your introduction. You are missing only one step that you did not put the specific statement that indicates the need for more investigation about your research. That all … Fathin Fighting… :D
Name: Hernawati
BalasHapusOff. Number : A1D211070
“The Use of Semantic Mapping in Improving Students’ Vocabulary achievement at Class VII of SMP N 14 Kendari"
1.1 Background
Language has important role in human life, since it is a tool which human use to interact with other people. Therefore, mastering several foreign languages is considerably necessary, especially English. Status of English as universe language has made people in the world to mastering English.
Considering the fact above, Indonesian government put English as one of compulsory subject that should be mastered by the students. It is not only cover four language skills areas (listening, reading, speaking, and writing) but also others aspects of language such as vocabulary. Vocabulary is supposed as the important element in learning English to support the four English skills itself. By having enough vocabulary, the ability to communicate and to convey our social need can be established. If learner has enough vocabulary, they will able to understand the utterance which they listens, they will able to speak fluently, and they can understand the content of the text easily.
Based on the result of interview with the English teacher at SMP N 14 Kendari, the writer got that the English ability of students is still low because of the lack of vocabulary. To improve students’ vocabulary, teacher has to use appropriate technique, both directly and indirectly. Direct ways such as: showing pictures, using flash cards, and semantic mapping. While indirect ways can be done by means of reading text and summarizing it.
In this study, the writer chooses semantic mapping technique to improve students’ vocabulary. This technique builds students’ prior knowledge or schemata because using semantic mapping can establish students’ prior knowledge. By using this technique the students also can study independently. It support by Mori (1993) who said that “semantic mapping makes the students become independent learners in the sense that learn by using their own writer thinking.
Based on the above reasons, the writer interests to conduct a research how to improve students’ vocabulary. The title is “The Use of Semantic Mapping in Improving Students’ Vocabulary achievement at Class VII of SMP N 14 Kendari”.
Dear miss hernawati, your introduction is very good I guess, since you have already followed the five rules of good writing. A little suggestion that you should pay more attention on grammar. Thankss...
HapusName : Widyanti intan
BalasHapusStudent number : A1D2 12 033
The using of picture for increase vocabulary in junior high school
Introduction
Language is a tool of communication and it is used by human beings all over the world. It hold important roles in human daily activities. Through language one can communicate or interact to express ideas, feeling and experiences to other people in a community in which the language is used. Without is difficult for someone to communicate with other people perfectly.
In Indonesia English has been stated by the government as the first forign language to be taught at schools. Teaching a foreign language is not an easy task. An English teacher is require to teach efficiently and effectively to facilitate the pupil’s learning process. The theacher should also have the the capability in motivating the students who learn English.
Vocabulary is one of the major skill in language. Vocabulary is one aspect have must by someone for speak with other people. Many people build their English vocabulary through a blend of methods — by taking English classes, reading books, watching movies in English, and studying English with English language software. Playing word and vocabulary games is a valuable part of learning English. There are thousands of vocabulary words in our vocabulary lists.
Dian, you have good introduction, but I have some sugestions for you.. :)
Hapusthere is no specifik purpose for your topic, and then I think you forget to put some researcher's statements about your study. I've read an articel that have similar objective with your's (improve students' vocabulary by using picture), and you can read that articel here
https://www.academia.edu/4946280/IMPROVING_THE_EIGHTH_GRADE_STUDENTS_VOCABULARY_OF_ENTERTAINMENTS_ACHIVEMENTS_BY_USING_PICTURES_AT_SMP_MUHAMMADIYAH_3_BANDAR_LAMPUNG
I hope it can help you.. :)
Thanks for you suggestion Bunda. your correction can help me to improve my introduction
HapusWidyanti Intan,,your introduction is good written, I like read it. But, for make sure of your study, you must have some statement from experts, because of your background, you didnt put some experts statement to make your background complete of the five stage. I so sorry if my comment little make offense of you. I hope you can accept my coment and suggestion. Thank you.
HapusApridawati
BalasHapusA1D212005
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INFORMATION GAP ACTIVITIES TO IMPROVING SPEAKING ABILITY AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1. INTRODUCTION
English has become the important language to be mastered all around the world. Considering the present global era and the demand of international language. In Indonesia ,English has been taught in elementary school, junior high school, senior high school and university, where the learners are expected to master the skills such as listening, writing, reading and speaking.
One of the four skill above which has important role in mastering English is speaking. Penny Ur (1996) says,” people who know a language are referred to as speakers’ of that language , as if speaking included all other kinds of knowing; and many if not most foreign language learners are primarily interested in learning to speak”.
Speaking is “ the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of context” ( Chaney, 1998, p.13). The other opinion is shown by Homby (1995;318), “ speaking is making use of word in an ordinary voice; making a speech . in short , speaking skill is the ability to perform the linguistic knowledge in the actual communication.” By mastering speaking skill, students can carry out conversation with others, give ideas and change the information with interlocutor and they will be able to know the situation that happen in the world. The learners need to know how the active speakers conduct the language in daily form and perform in directly through speaking. Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information ( Brown,1994; Burns and Joyce. 1997 ).
Ur (1996) lists the characteristics of a successful speaking activity in the classroom: (1) learners talk a lot. As much as possible of the period of time allotted to the activity is in occupied by learner talk. (2) participation is even. Classroom discussion is not dominated by a minority of talkative participants; all get a chance to speak, and contributions are fairly evenly distributed. (3). Motivation is high. Learners are eager to speak; because they are interested in the topic and have something new to say about it, or because they want to contribute to achieving a task objective. (4). Language is of an acceptable level. Learners express themselves in utterances that are relevant, easily comprehensible to each other, and of an acceptable level of language accuracy.
Information gap activities satisfy all of the above criteria. The teacher simply explains the activity and reviews the vocabulary needed for the activity. Students are then on their own to complete the task. Each participant plays an important role and the task cannot be accomplished without everyone’s participation. Information gap activities are highly motivational because of the nature of the various tasks. Activities that require the solving of a problem or a mystery are especially effective. As teachers , we know whether an activity is of an acceptable level of difficulty for our students. If students are sufficiently prepared for the activity , the level of language accuracy will be acceptable.
In information gap activities, learners share their information to the other in order to accomplish the task. To get information, the learners are supposed to share with each other by asking questions. So, English language learning students should be involved in as many situations as possible where one of them has some information and another does not, but has to get it. In other words, situations containing an information gap between the participants are very useful. Information gap is a useful activity in which one person has information that the other lacks. Another advantage of information gap activities is that students are forced to negotiate meaning because they must make what they are saying comprehensible to others in order to accomplish the task.
Aprida. I think, your introduction is good but you did'nt put a clear purpose of your study. in last paragraph , you just explain about what is information gap activities. we must try to follow five stages.
HapusI hope you can accept my suggestion
Thank you yana..next time I would try to write better..
HapusIMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH WORDSCLAP
BalasHapusINTRODUCTION
Vocabulary is one of the essential language components in
studying English. It is necessary in the sense that words are the basic
building blocks of language, the unit of meaning from which larger
structures such as sentences, paragraphs and whole texts are formed (Read,
2000 : 1). If people have less vocabulary, they not only cannot understand
other‟s saying, but also cannot make sentences to transfer their messages
to the other people. Thus, they will understand English expressions if they
have enough vocabularies.
Vocabulary is needed to improve the four language skills, namely
listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Without grammar, very little can
be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed (Thornburry,
2002:13). When we just learn about grammar without learning vocabulary,
we cannot express anything.
Based upon the result of the writer‟s observation it is found that,
there are several problems faced by eight grade students of MTs
1 Talaga raya. The problems are various as follows: 1) the students‟
enthusiasm and active learning are still not visible. 2) the students rarely
ask questions, although teachers often request the students to ask if they
have problems or the explanations are not clear or less understood. 3) their
activities in working or training English language learning are also still
poor. 4) the lack of courage to work on and present it in front of the class.
5) Students feel bored, because they are only positioned as listeners. 6) the
lack of the subject matter mastery, especially in vocabulary. 7) the learning
processes and strategies used by the teacher are still monotonous and less
interesting. Therefore, useful games are those that encourage learners to recall words and, preferably, at speed.
Nevertheless, the fun factor may help make words more
memorable, and like it or not, a competitive element often serves to
animate even the most lethargic students (Thornburry; 2002: 102).
Based upon the previous explanations, one of the problems is since
the students feel bored, because teachers still use the same technique and
the same strategy to teach vocabulary. The writer believes that the game
can be the way to minimize the students‟ boredom in learning vocabulary.
One of them is words clap game
The writer chooses words clap game because there are several
benefits such as; students can enhance their vocabulary mastery and try to
remember the vocabularies as soon as possible by clapping their hands.
The students also can learn vocabularies enjoy. This game also can build
students‟ self-confidence because this game is employed in groups.
Finally, the teacher can apply a creative strategy in teaching and learning
process, thus, it will make students more interested in the learning.
The writer expects that by using words clap game, students can
memorize new vocabularies easily, without any boredom.
Based on the explanations above, the writer tries to conduct a
research in titled “IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY
MASTERY THROUGH WORDSCLAP Research of the Eight Grade Students’ of MTs 1 Talaga raya, in the Academic Year of 2014/2015)”
Your introduction is good, but, there is no a general statement that introduce your proposal of your background. You just start by spesific statment of study.. I suggest that next time, you write your background start with general statement although short statement and you can continue it by spesific study.. thank U.. Im so sorry if my comment or my suggestion make offense of you.. my introduction also so far from perfect.
HapusRASDAWATI (A1D2 09 035)
BalasHapusTHE EFFECT OF GENRE BASED APPROACH ON STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING PERSONAL RECOUNT TEXT AT SMA 20 KONSEL
Writing as productive skill seems the most difficult skill for English foreign language students to learn and to develop. Because in writing, the clarity of ideas expressed is the emphasis. This means that to communicate the ideas effectively all aspect of language such as grammar, vocabularry and mechanics must be used in correct and effective way as well. According to Wills Hullon (1960), “Writing is one of man’s most activities”. Its purpose and varieties are manifold. In fact, students in EFL context of writing class do struggle with grammatical correctness, appropriate use of vocabulary, generating of ideas, and developing ideas about spesific topics in their non native language (kim: Kim , 2005:1)
Although students have learn writing from junior high school until senior high school, they still mistake in writing a genre. This activity is a complex one. Learners are very difficult to compose a good form a genre. All aspect of language such as grammar, word orders, spelling and logical arrangement of ideas (Baker and Westrup, 2000) Should be written appropriately.
Furthermore, students not only make mistake because of language aspect error, but also teacher strategy in conveying material. They don’t understand what the teacher xplains. Sometimes teacher doesn’t apply an appropriate strategy in teaching writing. Therefore students are bored and don’t have willingness and motivation to do that.
To overcome these problems, teacher or instructor should apply an appropriate strategy for stimulating the students’ interest in learning in classroom. One of strategy that is appropriate in teaching writing subject is genre – based approach. Genre approach is an approach in teaching writing that develop a written based on the genre or text. It is emphasized on how students familiar with different kinds of text. Callagan and Rothery in Martisa (2007:13) stated that teaching writing under ganre-based approach allows students to write about a particular text type, through four main stages of teaching strategy namely preparation, modelling, joint construction, and independent writing. This approach aimed to give the teacher description about providing information about development of effective text for particular purposes and providing it at the point of need within the context of real, purposeful language use.
Through this study, the researcher wants to investigate about the effect of teaching writing under genre-based approach in increasing students’ ability in writing subject especially for personal recount text. The researcher will apply quasi experimental design in order to know the effect of genre approach on students writing ability. The researcher wants to apply this strategy at them because the researcher had experience about their writing ability. The students said that when the teacher teaching writing about a text, the teacher just gave definition and model of text without giving complete explanation how to organize the text into a good order. Beside that the teacher didn’t give enough feedback as well. The teacher just inform to students what shouldon’t be done without giving direct correction for each students. Therefore the students got low mark in English specially writing.
The researcher believes that genre approach is very effective for applying in teaching writing. This was found by some previous researcher. Those researcher found that there was an improvement of students’ writing after being treated by genre approach.
Rino A. Prayogo
BalasHapus(A1D211096)
"Using Multimedia teaching to improve the students’ ability in speaking at the first year of SMP Negeri 1Watubangga."
English as one of the foreign languages plays an important role in many activities in Indonesia, include in Watubangga district. English has become one of compulsory foreign language subjects taught from elementary school up to high level of education in Indonesia.
Learning English as the second or foreign language can break through formal education, such as in schools, university and informal education as in the courses and colleges. Either in formal and informal education, a systematic syllabus of teaching a foreign language is set out. However, in formal education teaching English as the second language is set up based on the curriculum design of education. Meanwhile in informal education, the teaching requirement is due to the personal management of the private curriculum. In this instance, to design the teaching program, the staffs actuate themselves to do it, whereas, in formal education the curriculum is designed by the staffs of central education office although they still give chance to the staffs in the district to make suitable curriculum based on the area.
English consists of four language skills, namely reading, listening, speaking and writing. These skills are divided into two parts, productive and receptive skills. Productive skills are speaking and writing and the others are reading and listening. Speaking and writing involve language production; therefore they are often referred to as productive skills. Listening and reading, on the other hand involve receiving messages, therefore they are often referred to as receptive skills (Hammer, 1991)
In comparison with other skills of language, speaking is considered to be more difficult to acquire. According to Chastain (1976) learning to speak is obviously more difficult than learning to understand the spoken language. Therefore more effort is required on the part of students and more concern of segmental arrangement of activities is required on the part of teachers. One who wants to speak to others sometime faces some problems. Speaking used to be neglected in our college syllabus and here existed a common phenomenon of “dumb English”. The students kept silent and the teachers monopolized the class (Hsin, 1988). The problem above is also found at SMP Negeri 1 Watubangga. It was proved by the interview result with one of the English teachers there who stated that some classes of the school have problem in speaking. Therefore, the researcher is interested in carrying out a research entitled “Improving the students’ ability in speaking by multimedia at the first year of SMP Negeri 1 Watubangga”.
Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.
BalasHapusNirwana Niswar (A1D2 12 025)
BalasHapusAn Analysis of English Textbook “When English Rigs The Bell” for The First Year Students of Junior High School Based on curriculum 2013.
To get the successful in English teaching and learning process, teachers need to use some teaching tools. The most common teaching tools that teacher usually use in classes is Textbook. Textbook is a teaching tool (material) which presents the subject matter defined by the curriculum. Teacher use textbook as a classroom management tool for the interaction between them and their students and also as the guidance to provide content of material, teaching strategies and lessons plan. Because of the important role of textbook, teacher need to select the best textbook which appropriate with the obtained curriculum in order to get a high quality of teaching and learning process.
Some researchers seem to agree that textbook play the crucial part in English teaching and learning process. Benevento (1984) states that “whenever foreign language teachers meet each other, the first words after “How do you do?” are usually “What textbooks do you use?”. Furthermore Dubin and Olshtain (1986) state that “the tangible element that gives a language course face validity to many learners and teachers is the textbook”. In addition Hutchinson and Torres (1994) claimed that textbooks became a universal element of ELT teaching.
Recently, Indonesia ministry of education was starting to apply the new designed curriculum, the 2013 curriculum. This curriculum demand students to more active and creative in learning process. In this case a high quality and appropriate textbook is needed to guide and support the students. Some researcher have been done some study about textbook analysis before, but since 2013 curriculum is a new curriculum, there is no researchers who conduct study about textbook analysis based on 2013 curriculum. Thus study about a textbook analysis based on 2013 curriculum is needed to conduct.
The purpose of this study is to ascertain if the English textbook “When English Rings The Bell” is fulfils the good textbook standard or criterion and appropriate for the first year students of Junior High School based on 2013 curriculum. The aspect such as, the design, topic, objectives, organization, content, activities, exercise and language will be analyze in this study. This study can help teacher to identify a good textbook to use in learning process.
LA ODE HASINU (A1D211058)
BalasHapusTHE EFFECT OF READING ALOUD METHOD (STORY TELLING TEXT) TO THE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN VOCABULARY AND THEIR READING COMPREHENSION AT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (REFIXED TITLE)
INTRODUCTION
Reading is an important language skill and a highly complicated act that everyone must learn. Reading is not solely a single skill but a combination of many skills and processes in which the readers interact with printed words and texts for content and pleasure. Through reading, one can teach writing, speaking, vocabulary items, grammar, spelling and other language aspects. The basic goals of reading are to enable students to gain an understanding of the world and themselves, to develop appreciation and interests, and to find solutions to their personal and group problems.
The importance of reading aloud to children has been demonstrated in the results of over 75 years of educational research (Wood, 1994). Gold and Gibson (2001) emphasize that reading aloud is the foundation of literacy development. They also state that reading aloud demonstrates the relationship between the printed word and meaning and invites the listener into a conversation with the author. Children can listen on a higher language level than they can read, so reading aloud makes complex ideas more accessible and exposes children to vocabulary and language patterns that are not part of everyday speech. This, in turn, helps them understand the structure of books when they read independently. It is the single most important activity for reading success (Neumann et al., 2000). It provides children with a demonstration of phrased, fluent reading (Fountas and Pinnell, 1996). It reveals the rewards of reading and develops the listener’s interests in books and desire to be a reader (Mooney, 1990). Trelease (1994) says that storytelling aloud fosters the desire to read independently. It is like a TV or radio ad for literature. Read-aloud time encourages children to grow as readers and broadens the types of literature they choose to read (Harste et al., 1988). The single most important activity for building knowledge required for eventual success in reading, is reading aloud to children (Anderson et al., 1985). Moreover, Beach (1993) states that oral reading instruction is a legitimate part of the developmental reading program and can offer benefits of increased fluency, comprehension, and vocabulary. It is obvious that the researchers seem to agree that as long as teaching exists, the read aloud should be incorporated in the curriculum, regardless of the students’ ages.
The purpose of this study is to expand the student’s vocabulary, increase their comprehension in reading especially in reading storytelling by reading aloud and how the students use the new vocabulary into the sentence with the correct grammar.
AssalamuAlaikum..
BalasHapusyou have write a nice introduction, but I have some suggestion for you..
you need to add Statement that indicate the need for more investigation about your title and you also forget to write the fifth stage about the optional statement that give a value or justification for carrying out the study..
thanks
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BalasHapusthanks for Nu'ul Hiyat who has comment and remind me. and I'm sorry, I forgot to write the tittle of my background. I think it needn't topic any more because I have sent it before.
BalasHapusonce more I'm so sorry. the tittle of mine is "THE USE OF SONG LYRICS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY"